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An Analogy for Ohm’s Law

An Analogy for Ohm’s Law

Ohm’s Law also makes intuitive sense if you apply it to the…


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Mutual Inductance and Basic Operation

Mutual Inductance and Basic Operation

Behaviors of Inductors wrapped around a Conductive Core Suppose we…


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Battery Life Calculator

Battery Life Calculator

This calculator provides three options—basic, intermediate, and advanced—for determining expected battery life for microcontroller, Internet of Things (IoT), and edge processing systems with up to four different operating modes.


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Capacitors and Calculus

Capacitors and Calculus

Capacitors do not have a stable “resistance” as conductors…


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Susceptance and Admittance

Susceptance and Admittance

What is Conductance? In the study of DC circuits, the student of…


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Fundamentals of Radio Communication

Fundamentals of Radio Communication

What does the acronym RF stand form, in reference to radio-related…


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The Shockley Diode

The Shockley Diode

Our exploration of thyristors begins with a device called the…


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How to Calculate Power in a Series and Parallel Circuit

How to Calculate Power in a Series and Parallel Circuit

When calculating the power dissipation of resistive components, we can…


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Inductor Voltage and Current Relationship

Inductor Voltage and Current Relationship

Inductors do not have a stable “resistance” as conductors…


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Series-Parallel Combination AC Circuits

Series-Parallel Combination AC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Bipolar Transistor Biasing Circuits

Bipolar Transistor Biasing Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Passives

Wiring Color Codes Infographic

Wiring Color Codes Infographic

Wiring Color Codes Infographic. Released under the Creative Commons…


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Time Constant Calculations

Time Constant Calculations

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Passives

Parallel Resistor Calculator

Parallel Resistor Calculator

Calculate the equivalent resistance of up to six resistors in parallel with ease while learning how to calculate resistance in parallel and the parallel resistance formula.


Tools

RC Time Constant Calculator

RC Time Constant Calculator

The time constant of a series RC circuit is the product of the resistance and capacitance. Given two of the three values—resistance, capacitance, or RC time constant—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.


Tools

Trigonometry for AC Circuits

Trigonometry for AC Circuits

Identify which trigonometric functions (sine, cosine, or tangent) are…


Worksheets - Passives

AC Resistor Circuits (Inductive)

AC Resistor Circuits (Inductive)

Instantaneous Values in AC Circuits Pure resistive AC circuit:…


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Capacitor Transient Response

Capacitor Transient Response

Because capacitors store energy in the form of an electric field, they…


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Peak Detector

Peak Detector

A peak detector is a series connection of a diode and a…


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AC Lab - LC Tank Circuit

AC Lab - LC Tank Circuit

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, build a parallel resonant inductor-capacitor circuit and learn about oscillation, resonant frequency, and damping.


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Analog Lab - Non-inverting Amplifier

Analog Lab - Non-inverting Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a programmable non-inverting amplifier and learn how to use the negative feedback of an operational amplifier to control the gain.


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Decoder

Decoder

A decoder is a circuit that changes a code into a set of signals. It…


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Contributors (11)

Contributors (11)

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…


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Single-ended and Differential Amplifiers

Single-ended and Differential Amplifiers

For ease of drawing complex circuit diagrams, electronic amplifiers…


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Resonant Filters

Resonant Filters

So far, the filter designs we’ve concentrated on have employed…


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Temperature Coefficient of Resistance

Temperature Coefficient of Resistance

You might have noticed on the table for specific resistances that all…


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Intro Lab - Build an Electromagnet

Intro Lab - Build an Electromagnet

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build an electromagnet and learn about electromagnetism including the relationship of magnetic polarity to current flow.


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Vol II. Credits

Vol II. Credits

All entries arranged in alphabetical order of surname. Major…


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Differential Transistor Amplifiers

Differential Transistor Amplifiers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Contributors (4)

Contributors (4)

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…


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Design Project: LED Stroboscope

Design Project: LED Stroboscope

A technician uses a stroboscope to “freeze” the rotation of a…


Worksheets - Passives

Transistors, Bipolar

Transistors, Bipolar

There are not too many circuit symbols for bipolar transistors. There…


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Circuit Simplification Examples

Circuit Simplification Examples

Let’s begin with a semiconductor gate circuit in need of…


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Magnetic Units of Measurement

Magnetic Units of Measurement

In electric circuits, the three basic quantities are voltage (E or V),…


Worksheets - Passives

Introduction to Operational Amplifiers (Op-amps)

Introduction to Operational Amplifiers (Op-amps)

What is an Operational Amplifier (Op-amp)? Operational Amplifiers,…


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Boolean Algebraic Identities

Boolean Algebraic Identities

In mathematics, an identity is a statement true for all possible…


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Conductors, Insulators, and Electron Flow

Conductors, Insulators, and Electron Flow

The electrons of different types of atoms have different degrees of…


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Q Factor and Bandwidth of a Resonant Circuit

Q Factor and Bandwidth of a Resonant Circuit

The Q, or quality, factor of a resonant circuit is a measure of the…


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AC Resistor Circuits (Inductive)

AC Resistor Circuits (Inductive)

Instantaneous Values in AC Circuits Pure resistive AC circuit:…


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AC Voltmeters and Ammeters

AC Voltmeters and Ammeters

AC electromechanical meter movements come in two basic arrangements:…


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Derivatives of Power Functions of e

Derivatives of Power Functions of e

Example Derivatives of e Proportionality Constant When we say that a…


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Electron Activity in Chemical Reactions

Electron Activity in Chemical Reactions

So far in our discussions on electricity and electric circuits, we…


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Superposition Theorem

Superposition Theorem

The superposition theorem is one of those strokes of genius that takes…


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Power in Electric Circuits

Power in Electric Circuits

In addition to voltage and current, there is another important…


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Vol V. Credits

Vol V. Credits

All entries arranged in alphabetical order of surname. Major…


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Special-purpose Batteries

Special-purpose Batteries

Mercury Standard Cell Back in the early days of electrical measurement…


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Capacitors and Calculus

Capacitors and Calculus

Capacitors do not have a stable “resistance” as conductors…


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Common Derivatives

Common Derivatives

    RELATED WORKSHEETS: Calculus for Electric Circuits…


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Resistor Color Codes

Resistor Color Codes

Try out our Resistor Color Code Calculator in our Tools section.…


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Time Constant Circuits

Time Constant Circuits

Generally speaking, how many “time constants” worth of time does…


Worksheets - Passives

Multi-Stage Transistor Amplifiers

Multi-Stage Transistor Amplifiers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Passives

Memory with moving parts: “Drives”

Memory with moving parts: “Drives”

The earliest forms of digital data storage involving moving parts was…


Textbook

RMS Voltage Calculator

RMS Voltage Calculator

This calculator calculates the RMS Voltage value from either the peak voltage, the peak-to-peak voltage, or the average voltage.


Tools

Electromagnetic Induction

Electromagnetic Induction

While Oersted’s surprising discovery of electromagnetism paved…


Textbook

Passive Filter Circuits

Passive Filter Circuits

In very simple, qualitative terms, rate the impedance of capacitors…


Worksheets - Passives

Peak Detector

Peak Detector

A peak detector is a series connection of a diode and a…


Textbook

Bridged-Tee Attenuator Calculator

Bridged-Tee Attenuator Calculator

This calculator helps you determine the values of the resistors R1 and R2 to be used for a bridged-tee attenuator.


Tools

Bipolar Junction Transistors as Switches

Bipolar Junction Transistors as Switches

Solid-state switching circuits usually keep their constituent…


Worksheets - Passives

SPICE Models

SPICE Models

The SPICE circuit simulation program provides for modeling diodes in…


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Phase-Locked Loops

Phase-Locked Loops

This is a schematic for a simple VCO: The oscillator is of the RC…


Worksheets - Passives