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Step-up, Step-down, and Isolation Transformers

Step-up, Step-down, and Isolation Transformers

Calculate the voltage output by the secondary winding of a transformer…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

Motor Control Circuits

Motor Control Circuits

The interlock contacts installed in the previous section’s motor…


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Winding Configurations

Winding Configurations

Transformers with Multiple Secondaries Transformers are very versatile…


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Fuses

Fuses

Normally, the ampacity rating of a conductor is a circuit design…


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Thyristor Application Circuits

Thyristor Application Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

CMOS Logic Gates

CMOS Logic Gates

Counting practice: count from zero to thirty-one in binary, octal, and…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

Polyphase Motor Design

Polyphase Motor Design

AC Motors Perhaps the most important benefit of polyphase AC power…


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Intro Lab - Circuit With a Switch

Intro Lab - Circuit With a Switch

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will control a light with a switch and learn the basics of connecting toggle (on/off) switches into circuits.


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Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) uses digital signals to control power…


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The Silicon-Controlled Switch (SCS)

The Silicon-Controlled Switch (SCS)

If we take the equivalent circuit of an SCR and add another external…


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Series and Parallel AC Circuits

Series and Parallel AC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

Step-up and Step-down Transformers

Step-up and Step-down Transformers

So far, we’ve observed simulations of transformers where the…


Textbook

Resonance

Resonance

The Q factor of a series inductive circuit is given by the following…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors

What is an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), and what…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

The Junction Field-effect Transistor (JFET) as a Switch

The Junction Field-effect Transistor (JFET) as a Switch

Like its bipolar cousin, the field-effect transistor may be used as an…


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Si Lab - Full-wave Center-tap Rectifier

Si Lab - Full-wave Center-tap Rectifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a full-wave rectifier for AC to DC conversion and learn about center-tapped transformers.


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Single-phase Induction Motors

Single-phase Induction Motors

A three-phase motor may be run from a single-phase power source.…


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AC Lab - Build a Transformer

AC Lab - Build a Transformer

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, build a simple transformer and learn some important transformer fundamentals including voltage step-up and step-down.


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Reluctance Motor

Reluctance Motor

The variable reluctance motor is based on the principle that an…


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Protective Relay Circuits

Protective Relay Circuits

Protective relays are special power-sensing devices whose job it is to…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

Motor Control Circuits

Motor Control Circuits

The interlock contacts installed in the previous section’s motor…


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Insulator Breakdown Voltage

Insulator Breakdown Voltage

The atoms in insulating materials have very tightly-bound electrons,…


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Basic Voltmeter Use

Basic Voltmeter Use

What will this voltmeter register when connected to a battery as shown…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

Si Lab - Differential Amplifier

Si Lab - Differential Amplifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a BJT differential amplifier and learn about a fundamental building block that is the basis of most operational amplifiers.


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Ohm’s Law (again!)

Ohm’s Law (again!)

A common phrase heard in reference to electrical safety goes something…


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Parallel Wire Inductance Calculator

Parallel Wire Inductance Calculator

This tool is designed to calculate the inductance of two parallel wires


Tools

Coax Impedance Calculator

Coax Impedance Calculator

A helpful tool for calculating the impedance of a coaxial cable.


Tools

Static Electricity

Static Electricity

It was discovered centuries ago that certain types of materials would…


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The Pentode

The Pentode

Another strategy for addressing the problem of secondary electrons…


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Differential Transistor Amplifiers

Differential Transistor Amplifiers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

Basic Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Basic Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

When lightning strikes, nearby magnetic compass needles may be seen to…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

AC Circuit Equations

AC Circuit Equations

Inductive Reactance     Capacitive Reactance    …


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Simple Series Resonance

Simple Series Resonance

A similar effect happens in series inductive/capacitive circuits. When…


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Special Transformers and Applications

Special Transformers and Applications

Impedance Matching Because transformers can step voltage and current…


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Series and Parallel AC Circuits

Series and Parallel AC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

Voltage-to-Current Signal Conversion

Voltage-to-Current Signal Conversion

In instrumentation circuitry, DC signals are often used as analog…


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Wire Types and Sizes

Wire Types and Sizes

Most electrical wire is covered in a rubber or plastic coating called…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

AC Lab - LC Tank Circuit

AC Lab - LC Tank Circuit

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, build a parallel resonant inductor-capacitor circuit and learn about oscillation, resonant frequency, and damping.


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Table (landscape view)

Table (landscape view)

Periodic table of chemical elements.


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Power Quality Measurement

Power Quality Measurement

It used to be with large AC power systems that “power…


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Design Project: Audio Media-Based Signal Generator

Design Project: Audio Media-Based Signal Generator

Identify some different ways you can create the sine-wave audio tracks…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

Ionization (gas-filled) Tubes

Ionization (gas-filled) Tubes

So far, we’ve explored tubes which are totally…


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MESFETs

MESFETs


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Edge Coupled Microstrip Impedance Calculator

Edge Coupled Microstrip Impedance Calculator

This tool helps calculate the impedance of an edge-coupled microstrip.


Tools

Antiderivatives of Power Functions of e

Antiderivatives of Power Functions of e

  Note: this is a very unique and useful property of e. As in…


Textbook

Practical Considerations - Capacitors

Practical Considerations - Capacitors

Capacitors, like all electrical components, have limitations that must…


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Rules for Limits

Rules for Limits

    RELATED WORKSHEETS: Calculus for Electric Circuits…


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Conductor Ampacity

Conductor Ampacity

The smaller the cross-sectional area of any given wire, the greater…


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Power in Resistive and Reactive AC circuits

Power in Resistive and Reactive AC circuits

Consider a circuit for a single-phase AC power system, where a 120…


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555 Timer Astable Oscillator Circuit

555 Timer Astable Oscillator Circuit

In an astable circuit, the output voltage alternates between VCC and 0 volts on a continuous basis. This calculator will help you design an oscillator using a 555 timer IC.


Tools

Contributors (10)

Contributors (10)

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…


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Diodes

Diodes

A diode is an electronics component made from a combination of a…


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Voltage and Current in a Practical Circuit

Voltage and Current in a Practical Circuit

Because it takes energy to force charge to flow against the opposition…


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Clipper Circuits

Clipper Circuits

A circuit which removes the peak of a waveform is known as a clipper.…


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LC Tank Circuit Resonance Calculator

LC Tank Circuit Resonance Calculator

This calculator computes the resonant frequency of a parallel inductor and capacitor "tank" circuit.


Tools

Characteristic Impedance

Characteristic Impedance

Note the “50 ohm” rating printed on the jacket of the cable. What…


Worksheets - Electromechanical

Broadside Coupled Stripline Impedance Calculator

Broadside Coupled Stripline Impedance Calculator

This calculator helps you compute the characteristic impedance of a broadside coupled stripline.


Tools

Microstrip Wavelength Calculator

Microstrip Wavelength Calculator

A tool designed to calculate the guided wavelength inside a microstrip.


Tools

Shift Registers: Serial-in, Parallel-out  (SIPO) Conversion

Shift Registers: Serial-in, Parallel-out (SIPO) Conversion

A serial-in, parallel-out shift register is similar to the serial-in,…


Textbook

Parallel Circuit Rules

Parallel Circuit Rules

Voltage Components in a parallel circuit share the same voltage:…


Textbook