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Pressure Unit Conversion Calculator

Tools

This calculator will convert pressure values to ten different standard units for pressure.

Voltage Divider Calculator

Tools

The voltage divider is a circuit used to create a voltage less than or equal to the input voltage.

Look-up Tables

Textbook

Having learned about digital memory devices in the last chapter, we…

DC Lab - Thermoelectricity

Textbook

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a thermocouple to measure temperature changes and learn about the Seebeck effect.

pH Measurement

Textbook

A very important measurement in many liquid chemical processes…

Strain Gauges

Textbook

If a strip of conductive metal is stretched, it will become skinnier…

Voltage Divider Calculator

Tools

The voltage divider is a circuit used to create a voltage less than or equal to the input voltage.

DC Lab - 4-wire Resistance Measurement

Textbook

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will perform a 4-wire Kelvin resistance measurement and learn how to accurately measure resistance.

Building a Differential Amplifier

Textbook

Differential Op-Amp Circuits An op-amp with no feedback is already a…

AC Instrumentation Transducers

Textbook

Just as devices have been made to measure certain physical quantities…

Permanent Magnets

Textbook

Centuries ago, it was discovered that certain types of mineral rock…

Voltmeter Impact on Measured Circuit

Textbook

Every meter impacts the circuit it is measuring to some extent, just…

Lorentz Force Calculator

Tools

This calculator will determine the combined Lorentz force exerted on a charged particle moving through both an electric field and a magnetic field.

Differentiator and Integrator Circuits

Textbook

By introducing electrical reactance into the feedback loops of an…

Pressure Unit Conversion Calculator

Tools

This calculator will convert pressure values to ten different standard units for pressure.

Physiological Effects of Electricity

Textbook

Most of us have experienced some form of electric “shock,”…

DC Lab - Potentiometer as a Rheostat

Textbook

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will use a potentiometer as a variable resistor to control the speed of a motor and learn how to connect a potentiometer as a rheostat.

Synchronous Motors

Textbook

Single Phase Synchronous Motors Single-phase synchronous motors are…

Single-ended and Differential Amplifiers

Textbook

For ease of drawing complex circuit diagrams, electronic amplifiers…

Si Lab - JFET Switching Circuit and Static Electricity Sensor

Textbook

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use a junction field-effect transistor (JFET) to build a sensitive switching circuit and learn about JFET current gain.

Look-up Tables

Textbook

Having learned about digital memory devices in the last chapter, we…

Thermocouples

Textbook

Seebeck Effect An interesting phenomenon applied in the field of…

Bipolar Junction Transistors

Textbook

The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) was named because its operation…

Si Lab - Light Sensor (LED Photodetector)

Textbook

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use an LED as a light-sensitive photodetector and learn how to use a bipolar transistor in a common-emitter amplifier configuration.

Regulated Power Sources

Worksheets - Environmental Sensors

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Light-Pulse Switch

Worksheets - Environmental Sensors

It is fairly important to use large value resistors (10 MΩ works…

Absolute dB scales

Textbook

Decibel as Absolute Unit of Power It is also possible to use the…

Circuit Components

Textbook

Remember that this tutorial is not exhaustive by any means, and that…

DC Lab - Potentiometric Voltmeter

Textbook

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a null-balancing potentiometric voltmeter and learn how to prevent a voltmeter from changing the voltage it is measuring.

Introduction to Digital-Analog Conversion

Textbook

Connecting digital circuitry to sensor devices is simple if the sensor…

The Silicon-Controlled Switch (SCS)

Textbook

If we take the equivalent circuit of an SCR and add another external…

DC Lab - Thermoelectricity

Textbook

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a thermocouple to measure temperature changes and learn about the Seebeck effect.

Permeability and Saturation

Textbook

The nonlinearity of material permeability may be graphed for better…

AC Lab - Musical Keyboard as a Signal Generator

Textbook

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, an electronic musical keyboard will be used as a variable-frequency AC signal generator to learn the difference between AC amplitude and frequency.

Hyperbolic Functions

Textbook

Note: all angles (x) must be expressed in units of radians for these…

DIP Gate Packaging

Textbook

Digital logic gate circuits are manufactured as integrated circuits:…

Meter Check of a Transistor (JFET)

Textbook

Testing a JFET with a multimeter might seem to be a relatively easy…

Converting Between Thevenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits

Textbook

Since Thevenin’s theorem and Norton’s theorems are two…

Impedance Transformation

Textbook

Standing waves at the resonant frequency points of an open- or…

Elementary Amplifier Theory

Worksheets - Environmental Sensors

Fundamentally, an amplifier is a device that takes in a low-power…

Specific Resistance

Textbook

Designing Wire Resistance Conductor ampacity rating is a crude…

Simple Series Resonance

Textbook

A similar effect happens in series inductive/capacitive circuits. When…

Snell’s Law Calculator

Tools

Given three of the four input parameters (refractive indices, angles of incidence, and refraction) this tool calculates the missing variable based on Snell's law.

Depletion-type IGFETs

Textbook

Insulated gate field-effect transistors are unipolar devices just like…