Digital Communication

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…

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Look-up Tables

Having learned about digital memory devices in the last chapter, we…

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Introduction to Shift Registers

Shift registers, like counters, are a form of sequential…

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Negative Binary Numbers

With addition being easily accomplished, we can perform the operation…

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Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) uses digital signals to control power…

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Resistor Color Code Calculator and Chart—4 Band, 5 Band, or 6 Band Resistors

A handy all-in-one tool for reading resistor color code values for a 4 band resistor, 5 band resistor, or 6 band resistor.

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Tools

Analog Lab - Introduction

In this series of hands-on electronics experiments, build analog circuits, including amplifiers, comparators, oscillators, and more. Following the step-by-step instructions will help you understand and appreciate analog systems.

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Practical Considerations - Capacitors

Capacitors, like all electrical components, have limitations that must…

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Meter Check of a Transistor (JFET)

Testing a JFET with a multimeter might seem to be a relatively easy…

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DIP Gate Packaging

Digital logic gate circuits are manufactured as integrated circuits:…

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Binary Math

Counting practice: count from zero to thirty-one in binary, octal, and…

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Edge Coupled Stripline Impedance Calculator

A calculator for computing the impedance of an edge coupled stripline.

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Tools

Introduction to Boolean Algebra

Mathematical rules are based on the defining limits we place on the…

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Building Resistor Circuits Using Breadboards, Perfboards, and Terminal Strips

Over the course of learning about electricity, you will want to…

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Introduction to Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT)

The invention of the bipolar transistor in 1948 ushered in a…

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AC Lab - Musical Keyboard as a Signal Generator

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, an electronic musical keyboard will be used as a variable-frequency AC signal generator to learn the difference between AC amplitude and frequency.

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Millman’s Theorem

In Millman’s Theorem, the circuit is re-drawn as a parallel…

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Rules for Limits

    RELATED WORKSHEETS: Calculus for Electric Circuits…

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Temperature Coefficients of Resistance Table

Temperature coefficient (α) per degree C: Material Element/Alloy…

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Complex Vector Addition

If vectors with uncommon angles are added, their magnitudes (lengths)…

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Magnetic Fields and Inductance

Whenever electrons flow through a conductor, a magnetic field will…

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Si Lab - Bipolar Transistor as a Switch

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) to switch an LED and learn about the current their amplification.

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From Electric to Electronic

Introduction This third volume of the book series Lessons In Electric…

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Inductors

An inductor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that…

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Optical Data Communication

A modern alternative to sending (binary) digital information via…

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Band-stop Filters

How to Create a Band-stop Filter? Also called band-elimination,…

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Resistance, Reactance, and Impedance

What will happen to the brightness of the light bulb as the iron core…

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Physiological Effects of Electricity

Most of us have experienced some form of electric “shock,”…

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AC Motor Theory

Electromechanical watt-hour meters use an aluminum disk that is spun…

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Worksheets - Embedded

Q Factor and Bandwidth of a Resonant Circuit

The Q, or quality, factor of a resonant circuit is a measure of the…

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Inductance

∫f(x) dx Calculus alert! One of the fundamental principles of…

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Wire Self Inductance Calculator

This calculator will help compute the inductance of a length of wire.

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Tools

Feedback

If some percentage of an amplifier’s output signal is connected…

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Differentiator and Integrator Circuits

By introducing electrical reactance into the feedback loops of an…

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Time-delay Relays

What are Time-Delay Relays? Some relays are constructed with a kind of…

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Safety Grounding

In simple AC power systems, one of the two conductors is typically…

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Microprocessor Programming

What is the difference between a JMP (“jump”) instruction and a…

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Worksheets - Embedded

Si Lab - Astable Multivibrator Audio Oscillator

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build an astable multivibrator (oscillator) circuit that provides an output in the audio frequency range and learn the effect of component values and supply voltage on oscillation frequency.

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AC Lab - Variable Inductor

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, build a variable conductor and learn the impact of a metal core placed inside an inductor coil has on the inductance.

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Capacitive Reactance

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Worksheets - Embedded

Absolute dB scales

Decibel as Absolute Unit of Power It is also possible to use the…

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DIP Gate Packaging

Digital logic gate circuits are manufactured as integrated circuits:…

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Parallel Resistor-Inductor Circuits

Let’s take the same components for our series example circuit…

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Design Project: Telegraph System

What voltage will you choose to use for each of the station batteries?

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Worksheets - Embedded

IGBTs

Because of their insulated gates, IGFETs of all types have extremely…

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Monostable Multivibrators

We’ve already seen one example of a monostable multivibrator in…

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