All About Circuits

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Introduction to Solid-state Device Theory

Introduction to Solid-state Device Theory

This chapter will cover the physics behind the operation of…


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Polarity of voltage drops

Polarity of voltage drops

When using conventional current flow, we can trace the direction of…


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AC Lab - Build a Transformer

AC Lab - Build a Transformer

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, build a simple transformer and learn some important transformer fundamentals including voltage step-up and step-down.


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The “Buffer” Gate

The “Buffer” Gate

If we were to connect two inverter gates together so that the output…


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Parallel Circuit Rules

Parallel Circuit Rules

Voltage Components in a parallel circuit share the same voltage:…


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Rectifier Circuits

Rectifier Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Analog

Peak, Average, and RMS Measurements

Peak, Average, and RMS Measurements

How is it possible to assign a fixed value of voltage or current (such…


Worksheets - Analog

What is a Series-Parallel Circuit?

What is a Series-Parallel Circuit?

With simple series circuits, all components are connected end-to-end…


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Si Lab - Full-wave Center-tap Rectifier

Si Lab - Full-wave Center-tap Rectifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a full-wave rectifier for AC to DC conversion and learn about center-tapped transformers.


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From Electric to Electronic

From Electric to Electronic

Introduction This third volume of the book series Lessons In Electric…


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Three-phase Power Systems

Three-phase Power Systems

What is Split-Phase Power Systems? Split-phase power systems achieve…


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DC Circuit Equations and Laws

DC Circuit Equations and Laws

Power Equation of Ohm’s Law and Joule’s Law    …


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Si Lab - JFET Switching Circuit and Static Electricity Sensor

Si Lab - JFET Switching Circuit and Static Electricity Sensor

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use a junction field-effect transistor (JFET) to build a sensitive switching circuit and learn about JFET current gain.


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What is the Difference Between Series and Parallel Circuits?

What is the Difference Between Series and Parallel Circuits?

Circuits consisting of just one battery and one load resistance are…


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Time-delay Relays

Time-delay Relays

What are Time-Delay Relays? Some relays are constructed with a kind of…


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Microcontroller Principles

Microcontroller Principles

Read the following quotation, and then research the term…


Worksheets - Analog

Analog and Digital Signals

Analog and Digital Signals

Instrumentation is a field of study and work centering on measurement…


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Computational Circuits

Computational Circuits

When someone mentions the word “computer,” a digital…


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Review of R, X, and Z (Resistance, Reactance and Impedance)

Review of R, X, and Z (Resistance, Reactance and Impedance)

Before we begin to explore the effects of resistors, inductors, and…


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SPICE Simulation of Series and Parallel Circuits

SPICE Simulation of Series and Parallel Circuits

Previously, we examined series circuits and parallel circuits using…


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Specific Troubleshooting Techniques

Specific Troubleshooting Techniques

After applying some of the general troubleshooting tips to narrow the…


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Beam Power Tubes

Beam Power Tubes

In the beam power tube, the basic four-element structure of the…


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Analysis Techniques for Series Parallel Resistor Circuits

Analysis Techniques for Series Parallel Resistor Circuits

Guidelines to Series-Parallel Combination Circuit Analysis The goal of…


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Temperature Coefficients of Resistance Table

Temperature Coefficients of Resistance Table

Temperature coefficient (α) per degree C: Material Element/Alloy…


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Wavelength (TEM) Calculator

Wavelength (TEM) Calculator

This calculator determines the wavelength of a signal given the frequency and dielectric constant.


Tools

Rectangle Loop Inductance Calculator

Rectangle Loop Inductance Calculator

This calculator helps you compute the inductance of a rectangle loop.


Tools

Millman’s Theorem Revisited

Millman’s Theorem Revisited

You may have wondered where we got that strange equation for the…


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Why digital?

Why digital?

Although many textbooks provide good introductions to digital memory…


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Series and Parallel Component Equivalent Values

Series and Parallel Component Equivalent Values

Series and Parallel Resistances     Series and Parallel…


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Scientific Notation

Scientific Notation

In many disciplines of science and engineering, very large and very…


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Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator

Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator

This calculator will determine the correct antenna downtilt angle given the heights of the antennas and distance between them.


Tools

Intro Lab - How to Use a Voltmeter to Measure Voltage

Intro Lab - How to Use a Voltmeter to Measure Voltage

In this hands-on introduction to electronics, you will experiment with a multimeter and learn how to measure voltage using the voltmeter function.


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Resonant Filters

Resonant Filters

So far, the filter designs we’ve concentrated on have employed…


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Switches, Hand Actuated

Switches, Hand Actuated

A switch is an electrical component that can “make” or…


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RF Power Ratio Conversion Calculator

RF Power Ratio Conversion Calculator

This tool is designed to convert power ratios to decibel


Tools

DC Lab - Potentiometer as a Rheostat

DC Lab - Potentiometer as a Rheostat

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will use a potentiometer as a variable resistor to control the speed of a motor and learn how to connect a potentiometer as a rheostat.


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Electrical Signal Types

Electrical Signal Types

With BogusBus, our signals were very simple and straightforward: each…


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SPICE Simulation of Series and Parallel Circuits

SPICE Simulation of Series and Parallel Circuits

Previously, we examined series circuits and parallel circuits using…


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Special Transformers and Applications

Special Transformers and Applications

Impedance Matching Because transformers can step voltage and current…


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Series R, L, and C

Series R, L, and C

Let’s take the following example circuit and analyze it:  …


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What is Network Analysis?

What is Network Analysis?

The basic application of Ohm’s law to combinations of series and…


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Broadside Coupled Trace Inductance Calculator

Broadside Coupled Trace Inductance Calculator

This calculator helps you compute the inductance of a broadside coupled trace.


Tools

Conversion From Decimal Numeration

Conversion From Decimal Numeration

Because octal and hexadecimal numeration systems have bases that are…


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Beam Power Tubes

Beam Power Tubes

In the beam power tube, the basic four-element structure of the…


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Intro Lab - Resistor Power Dissipation

Intro Lab - Resistor Power Dissipation

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will examine the heat generated by resistors and maybe even make one smoke! Also, learn to calculate power dissipation using Joule's law and resistor power ratings.


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Bit Grouping

Bit Grouping

The singular reason for learning and using the binary numeration…


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Series Resistor-Capacitor Circuits

Series Resistor-Capacitor Circuits

In the last section, we learned what would happen in simple…


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Introduction to Diodes And Rectifiers

Introduction to Diodes And Rectifiers

All About Diodes A diode is an electrical device allowing current to…


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Introduction to AC Motors

Introduction to AC Motors

After the introduction of the DC electrical distribution system by…


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Derivatives of Power Functions of e

Derivatives of Power Functions of e

Example Derivatives of e Proportionality Constant When we say that a…


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Synchronous Motors

Synchronous Motors

Single Phase Synchronous Motors Single-phase synchronous motors are…


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Ring Counters

Ring Counters

If the output of a shift register is fed back to the input. a ring…


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DC Lab - Thermoelectricity

DC Lab - Thermoelectricity

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a thermocouple to measure temperature changes and learn about the Seebeck effect.


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Wire Stripline Impedance Calculator

Wire Stripline Impedance Calculator

A calculator for computing the impedance of a wire stripline.


Tools

Likely Failures in Unproven Systems

Likely Failures in Unproven Systems

“All men are liable to error;” —John Locke Whereas…


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Three-phase Power Systems

Three-phase Power Systems

What is Split-Phase Power Systems? Split-phase power systems achieve…


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Power Supply Circuits

Power Supply Circuits

There are three major kinds of power supplies: unregulated (also…


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Building Resistor Circuits Using Breadboards, Perfboards, and Terminal Strips

Building Resistor Circuits Using Breadboards, Perfboards, and Terminal Strips

Over the course of learning about electricity, you will want to…


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AC Metrology

AC Metrology

In power distribution systems, it is very important to be able to…


Worksheets - Analog

Metric Notation

Metric Notation

The metric system, besides being a collection of measurement units for…


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