All About Circuits

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CMOS Gate Circuitry

CMOS Gate Circuitry

Up until this point, our analysis of transistor logic circuits has…


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Battery Life Calculator

Battery Life Calculator

This calculator provides three options—basic, intermediate, and advanced—for determining expected battery life for microcontroller, Internet of Things (IoT), and edge processing systems with up to four different operating modes.


Tools

Stepper Motors

Stepper Motors

Stepper Motor vs Servo Motor A stepper motor is a…


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Design Project: Simple Component Curve-Tracer Circuit

Design Project: Simple Component Curve-Tracer Circuit

What do each of the oscilloscope axes represent, in real-life terms…


Worksheets - IC Design

Time-Delay Electromechanical Relays

Time-Delay Electromechanical Relays

What does the normal status of an electrical switch refer to?…


Worksheets - IC Design

Capacitance

Capacitance

Write an equation describing the precise mathematical relationship…


Worksheets - IC Design

Waveguide Calculator (Circular)

Waveguide Calculator (Circular)

This tool calculates the cutoff frequency of a circular waveguide


Tools

An Analogy for Divided Feedback

An Analogy for Divided Feedback

A helpful analogy for understanding divided feedback amplifier…


Textbook

Time Constant Circuits

Time Constant Circuits

Generally speaking, how many “time constants” worth of time does…


Worksheets - IC Design

Resistors Types

Resistors Types

These are the most common types of resistors available. Resistors…


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Resistance, Reactance, and Impedance

Resistance, Reactance, and Impedance

What will happen to the brightness of the light bulb as the iron core…


Worksheets - IC Design

Wire Self Inductance Calculator

Wire Self Inductance Calculator

This calculator will help compute the inductance of a length of wire.


Tools

The D Latch

The D Latch

Since the enable input on a gated S-R latch provides a way to latch…


Textbook

Encoders and Decoders

Encoders and Decoders

What does it mean, in general terms, to encode something? Conversely,…


Worksheets - IC Design

Resistance

Resistance

The circuit in the previous section is not a very practical one. In…


Textbook

Contributors (4)

Contributors (4)

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…


Textbook

Noise Figure Calculator

Noise Figure Calculator

A tool designed to calculate the noise figure of cascaded amplifiers


Tools

DC Lab - Sensitive Voltage Detector With Audio Output

DC Lab - Sensitive Voltage Detector With Audio Output

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will construct a voltage detector with adjustable sensitivity and audio output, and you will learn a method for detecting small electrical signals without an oscilloscope.


Textbook

Amplifiers

Amplifiers

Practical Benefit of Active Devices The practical benefit of active…


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DC Lab - Thermoelectricity

DC Lab - Thermoelectricity

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a thermocouple to measure temperature changes and learn about the Seebeck effect.


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AC Lab - Sensing AC Magnetic Fields

AC Lab - Sensing AC Magnetic Fields

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, you will sense AC magnetic fields using a simple wire coil and learn about AC signal coupling, orientation effects, and the impact of shielding using different materials.


Textbook

Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator

Antenna Downtilt and Coverage Calculator

This calculator will determine the correct antenna downtilt angle given the heights of the antennas and distance between them.


Tools

Factors Affecting Inductance

Factors Affecting Inductance

There are four basic factors of inductor construction determining the…


Textbook

Ohm’s Law - How Voltage, Current, and Resistance Relate

Ohm’s Law - How Voltage, Current, and Resistance Relate

The first, and perhaps most important, relationship between current,…


Textbook

How to Use Thevenin’s Theorem

How to Use Thevenin’s Theorem

This page will walk you step-by-step through the process of…


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Arithmetic Properties

Arithmetic Properties

Associative Property In addition and multiplication, terms may be…


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Design Project: Power Inverter

Design Project: Power Inverter

A common topology for DC-AC power converter circuits uses a pair of…


Worksheets - IC Design

CMOS Logic Gates

CMOS Logic Gates

Counting practice: count from zero to thirty-one in binary, octal, and…


Worksheets - IC Design

Analog Lab - Non-inverting Amplifier

Analog Lab - Non-inverting Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a programmable non-inverting amplifier and learn how to use the negative feedback of an operational amplifier to control the gain.


Textbook

DC Lab - Voltage Divider

DC Lab - Voltage Divider

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a resistive voltage divider and observe how Ohm's law and Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL) function in real circuits using a voltmeter and an ammeter.


Textbook

The Silicon-Controlled Switch (SCS)

The Silicon-Controlled Switch (SCS)

If we take the equivalent circuit of an SCR and add another external…


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Memory Devices

Memory Devices

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


Worksheets - IC Design

The P-N Junction

The P-N Junction

If a block of P-type semiconductor is placed in contact with a block…


Textbook

Decibel Calculator

Decibel Calculator

This calculator will convert voltage or power gains into decibels. Enter one of the three values and the calculator will output the other two.


Tools

AC Lab - LC Tank Circuit

AC Lab - LC Tank Circuit

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, build a parallel resonant inductor-capacitor circuit and learn about oscillation, resonant frequency, and damping.


Textbook

Insulator Breakdown Voltage

Insulator Breakdown Voltage

The atoms in insulating materials have very tightly-bound electrons,…


Textbook

Programmable Logic Technology

Programmable Logic Technology

Define the following acronyms as they apply to digital logic circuits:…


Worksheets - IC Design

Ammeter Design

Ammeter Design

What would happen to this meter movement, if connected directly to a…


Worksheets - IC Design

Ohm’s Law

Ohm’s Law

For a given amount of water pressure, which will flow a greater rate…


Worksheets - IC Design

Review of R, X, and Z (Resistance, Reactance and Impedance)

Review of R, X, and Z (Resistance, Reactance and Impedance)

Before we begin to explore the effects of resistors, inductors, and…


Textbook

Shift Registers: Serial-in, Serial-out

Shift Registers: Serial-in, Serial-out

Serial-in, serial-out shift registers delay data by one clock time for…


Textbook

Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem is not so much a means of analysis…


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