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The “Operational” Amplifier

The “Operational” Amplifier

Long before the advent of digital electronic technology, computers…


Textbook

AC Network Analysis

AC Network Analysis

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Tubes versus Semiconductors

Tubes versus Semiconductors

Devoting a whole chapter in a modern electronics text to the design…


Textbook

Analog Lab - Class B Audio Amplifier

Analog Lab - Class B Audio Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a Class B push-pull audio amplifier to drive a speaker and learn about crossover distortion and how to minimize it using negative feedback.


Textbook

Tube Lab - Vacuum Tube Audio Amplifier

Tube Lab - Vacuum Tube Audio Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build an audio amplifier using a vacuum tube (triode) and learn about voltage transformers, how to build a high-voltage DC power supply, and how to use a transformer for impedance matching.


Textbook

Bipolar Transistor Biasing Circuits

Bipolar Transistor Biasing Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Radio Circuits

Radio Circuits

(a) Crystal radio. (b) Modulated RF at antenna. (c) Rectified RF at…


Textbook

RC Time Constant Calculator

RC Time Constant Calculator

The time constant of a series RC circuit is the product of the resistance and capacitance. Given two of the three values—resistance, capacitance, or RC time constant—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.


Tools

DC Lab - Sensitive Voltage Detector With Audio Output

DC Lab - Sensitive Voltage Detector With Audio Output

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will construct a voltage detector with adjustable sensitivity and audio output, and you will learn a method for detecting small electrical signals without an oscilloscope.


Textbook

Basic Electricity Worksheet

Basic Electricity Worksheet

What is the purpose of the switch shown in this schematic diagram?


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Oscillator Circuits

Oscillator Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Si Lab - Astable Multivibrator Audio Oscillator

Si Lab - Astable Multivibrator Audio Oscillator

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build an astable multivibrator (oscillator) circuit that provides an output in the audio frequency range and learn the effect of component values and supply voltage on oscillation frequency.


Textbook

Design Project: Sensitive Audio Detector

Design Project: Sensitive Audio Detector

The choice of step-down transformers to use in a project such as this…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Wire-by-Number project kit introduction

Wire-by-Number project kit introduction

Wire-by-Number project: simple voltage divider Description: Build a…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Design Project: Audio Tone Control

Design Project: Audio Tone Control

Suppose you were installing a high-power stereo system in your car,…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Open-Loop OpAmp Circuits

Open-Loop OpAmp Circuits

Determine what the magnitude and polarity of the voltmeter’s…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

The Common-emitter Amplifier

The Common-emitter Amplifier

At the beginning of this chapter, it illustrates how transistors could…


Textbook

Op-Amp Practical Considerations

Op-Amp Practical Considerations

Real operational amplifiers have some imperfections compared to an…


Textbook

AC Network Analysis

AC Network Analysis

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Performance-Based Assessments for Semiconductor Circuit Competencies

Performance-Based Assessments for Semiconductor Circuit Competencies


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Basic Troubleshooting Strategies

Basic Troubleshooting Strategies

A chandelier has five light bulbs in it, and one of them is not…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Resonance

Resonance

The Q factor of a series inductive circuit is given by the following…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Performance-Based Assessments for Analog Integrated Circuit Competencies

Performance-Based Assessments for Analog Integrated Circuit Competencies


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Four-Channel Audio Mixer

Four-Channel Audio Mixer

A very common misconception students have about potentiometers is the…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Basic Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Basic Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

When lightning strikes, nearby magnetic compass needles may be seen to…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Standing Waves and Resonance

Standing Waves and Resonance

Whenever there is a mismatch of impedance between transmission line…


Textbook

DC Generator Theory

DC Generator Theory

Generators used in battery-charging systems must be regulated so as to…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

What Are Zener Diodes?

What Are Zener Diodes?

What Is a Zener Diode? A Zener diode is a special type of rectifying…


Textbook

Microstrip Max Current Calculator

Microstrip Max Current Calculator

A calculator for solving the maximum current a microstrip can handle.


Tools

Amplifier Circuits

Amplifier Circuits

Note, Q3 and Q4 in the figure below are complementary, NPN and PNP…


Textbook

Zener Diodes

Zener Diodes

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Electrical Energy Calculator

Electrical Energy Calculator

This calculator will determine the instantaneous energy, sustained energy, and power consumed by an electrical system given two of the three electrical parameters (voltage, current, or resistance) and the time.


Tools

Shock Current Path

Shock Current Path

As we’ve already learned, electricity requires a complete path…


Textbook

Intro Lab - How to Use an Ohmmeter to Measure Resistance

Intro Lab - How to Use an Ohmmeter to Measure Resistance

In this hands-on introduction to electronics, you will experiment with a multimeter and learn how to measure resistance using the ohmmeter function.


Textbook

Overcurrent Protection

Overcurrent Protection

What hazards might be posed by a circuit with excessive current going…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Design Project: Sensitive Microphone Amplifier

Design Project: Sensitive Microphone Amplifier

Identify which direction each potentiometer wiper must move in this…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Early Tube History

Early Tube History

Thomas Edison, that prolific American inventor, is often credited with…


Textbook

Basic Ohmmeter Use

Basic Ohmmeter Use

Explain how an ohmmeter is able to measure the resistance of a…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Optothyristors

Optothyristors

Like bipolar transistors, SCRs and TRIACs are also manufactured as…


Textbook

Contributors (6)

Contributors (6)

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…


Textbook

Introduction to Network Theorems for Circuit Analysis

Introduction to Network Theorems for Circuit Analysis

Anyone who’s studied geometry should be familiar with the…


Textbook

AC Commutator Motors

AC Commutator Motors

Charles Proteus Steinmetz’s first job after arriving in America…


Textbook

Inverting and Noninverting OpAmp Voltage Amplifier Circuits

Inverting and Noninverting OpAmp Voltage Amplifier Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

555 Lab - Blue LED Flasher With Voltage Doubler

555 Lab - Blue LED Flasher With Voltage Doubler

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a blue LED flasher using a 555 timer and learn the basic theory of a voltage doubler using a transistor switch and a capacitor.


Textbook

Tachogenerators

Tachogenerators

An electromechanical generator is a device capable of producing…


Textbook

Decimal versus Binary Numeration

Decimal versus Binary Numeration

Let’s count from zero to twenty using four different kinds of…


Textbook