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Boolean Algebraic Identities

Boolean Algebraic Identities

In mathematics, an identity is a statement true for all possible…


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Larger 5 & 6-variable Karnaugh Maps

Larger 5 & 6-variable Karnaugh Maps

Larger Karnaugh maps reduce larger logic designs. How large is large…


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Half-Adder

Half-Adder

As a first example of useful combinational logic, let’s build a…


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Logic Simplification With Karnaugh Maps

Logic Simplification With Karnaugh Maps

The logic simplification examples that we have done so far could have…


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Karnaugh Mapping

Karnaugh Mapping

Identify each of these logic gates by name, and complete their…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Don’t Care Cells in the Karnaugh Map

Don’t Care Cells in the Karnaugh Map

Up to this point we have considered logic reduction problems where…


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Basic Logic Gate Troubleshooting

Basic Logic Gate Troubleshooting

Counting practice: count from zero to thirty-one in binary, octal, and…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Digital Lab - S-R Latch Using NOR Gates

Digital Lab - S-R Latch Using NOR Gates

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build an S-R latch using two NOR gates and learn how this type of digital memory operates, including invalid states, race conditions, and the effects of output loading.


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Digital Logic Signals

Digital Logic Signals

A rheostat (variable resistor) and a switch are both examples of…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Edge-triggered Latches: Flip-Flops

Edge-triggered Latches: Flip-Flops

So far, we’ve studied both S-R and D latch circuits with enable…


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Performance-Based Assessments for Digital Circuit Competencies

Performance-Based Assessments for Digital Circuit Competencies

(Template)


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Boolean Arithmetic

Boolean Arithmetic

Let us begin our exploration of Boolean algebra by adding numbers…


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Digital Signals and Gates

Digital Signals and Gates

While the binary numeration system is an interesting mathematical…


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Look-up Tables

Look-up Tables

Having learned about digital memory devices in the last chapter, we…


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Flip-Flop Circuits

Flip-Flop Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Ring Counters

Ring Counters

If the output of a shift register is fed back to the input. a ring…


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Digital Display Circuits

Digital Display Circuits

What is the purpose of a seven-segment decoder circuit? What is a…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Digital Lab - 10-bit Flashing LED Sequencer

Digital Lab - 10-bit Flashing LED Sequencer

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build and test an automated circuit that sequentially flashes 10 LED, and learn about counters, frequency dividers, and switch debouncing.


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Quantum Devices

Quantum Devices

Most integrated circuits are digital, based on MOS (CMOS) transistors.…


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TTL Logic Gates

TTL Logic Gates

Counting practice: count from zero to thirty-one in binary, octal, and…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Digital Lab - 3-bit Binary Counter

Digital Lab - 3-bit Binary Counter

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a 3-bit down counter using J-K flip-flops and learn about asynchronous counter functionality.


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Digital Logic Functions

Digital Logic Functions

We can construct a simple logic functions for our hypothetical lamp…


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555 Lab - Red LED Flasher

555 Lab - Red LED Flasher

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a red LED flasher and learn a useful application of the versatile 555 timer IC.


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Conventional Transistor Overview and Special Transistors

Conventional Transistor Overview and Special Transistors

A microcontroller is a specialized type of digital computer used to…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Analog Lab - 555 Oscillator (Astable Multivibrator)

Analog Lab - 555 Oscillator (Astable Multivibrator)

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build an oscillator using a 555 timer and learn the theory of operation of the 555 timer when configured as an astable multivibrator.


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Finite State Machines

Finite State Machines

Up to now, every circuit that was presented was a combinatorial…


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Circuit Simplification Examples

Circuit Simplification Examples

Let’s begin with a semiconductor gate circuit in need of…


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Modern Nonmechanical Memory

Modern Nonmechanical Memory

Now we can proceed to studying specific types of digital storage…


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Numeration Systems

Numeration Systems

Digital computers communicate with external devices through ports:…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Introduction to Karnaugh Mapping

Introduction to Karnaugh Mapping

Why learn about Karnaugh maps? The Karnaugh map, like Boolean…


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Binary Math Circuits

Binary Math Circuits

Add the following binary numbers:


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

The R/2R DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter)

The R/2R DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter)

The R/2R DAC circuit is an alternative to the binary-weighted-input…


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Time-delay Relays

Time-delay Relays

What are Time-Delay Relays? Some relays are constructed with a kind of…


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Digital Lab - 10-bit Flashing LED Sequencer

Digital Lab - 10-bit Flashing LED Sequencer

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build and test an automated circuit that sequentially flashes 10 LED, and learn about counters, frequency dividers, and switch debouncing.


Textbook

Boolean Algebra

Boolean Algebra

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Binary Addition

Binary Addition

The Rules of Binary Addition Adding binary numbers is a very simple…


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TTL Logic Gates

TTL Logic Gates

Counting practice: count from zero to thirty-one in binary, octal, and…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Minterm vs Maxterm Solution

Minterm vs Maxterm Solution

So far we have been finding Sum-Of-Product (SOP) solutions to logic…


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555 Lab - Monostable Multivibrator (One-shot)

555 Lab - Monostable Multivibrator (One-shot)

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a monostable multivibrator using a 555 timer IC and learn about RC time constant charging and how a one-shot timer operates.


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The Exclusive-OR Function: The XOR Gate

The Exclusive-OR Function: The XOR Gate

What Is an XOR Gate? One element conspicuously missing from the set of…


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Series and Parallel Capacitors

Series and Parallel Capacitors

When capacitors are connected in series, the total capacitance is…


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Series and Parallel AC Circuits

Series and Parallel AC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Power in Electric Circuits

Power in Electric Circuits

In addition to voltage and current, there is another important…


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The Unijunction Transistor (UJT)

The Unijunction Transistor (UJT)

Unijunction transistor: Although a unijunction transistor is not a…


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Numeration Systems

Numeration Systems

Digital computers communicate with external devices through ports:…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

AC Capacitor Circuits

AC Capacitor Circuits

Capacitors Vs. Resistors Capacitors do not behave the same as…


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Digital Logic Signals

Digital Logic Signals

A rheostat (variable resistor) and a switch are both examples of…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Inverting Op-Amp Resistor Calculator

Inverting Op-Amp Resistor Calculator

This calculator determines the bias and feedback of resistors for an inverting op-amp.


Tools

Microprocessors

Microprocessors

Early computer science pioneers such as Alan Turing and John Von…


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Class B BJT Amplifiers

Class B BJT Amplifiers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

JFET Quirks

JFET Quirks


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Thyristors

Thyristors

Thyristors are a broad classification of bipolar-conducting…


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Voltage-to-Current Signal Conversion

Voltage-to-Current Signal Conversion

In instrumentation circuitry, DC signals are often used as analog…


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AC Lab - Sensitive Voltage Detector with Audio Output

AC Lab - Sensitive Voltage Detector with Audio Output

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will construct a voltage detector with adjustable sensitivity and audio output, and you will learn a method for detecting small electrical signals without an oscilloscope.


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Optoelectronic Devices

Optoelectronic Devices

In this circuit, the electric motor is supposed to turn on whenever…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Symmetric Stripline Impedance Calculator

Symmetric Stripline Impedance Calculator

This calculator helps you compute the characteristic impedance of a symmetric stripline.


Tools

Soldering

Soldering

Both soldering irons and soldering guns are tools used in the process…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Timer Circuits

Timer Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Phase Rotation

Phase Rotation

Three-Phase Alternator Let’s take the three-phase alternator…


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BJT Quirks

BJT Quirks

An ideal transistor would show 0% distortion in amplifying a signal.…


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