All About Circuits

Latest Discrete Logic Education

Categories

Safe Meter Usage

Safe Meter Usage

Using an electrical meter safely and efficiently is perhaps the most…


Textbook

Quantum Devices

Quantum Devices

Most integrated circuits are digital, based on MOS (CMOS) transistors.…


Textbook

Flip-Flop Circuits

Flip-Flop Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Finite State Machines

Finite State Machines

Up to now, every circuit that was presented was a combinatorial…


Textbook

Basic Electromagnetic Relays

Basic Electromagnetic Relays

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze relay…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Binary Math Circuits

Binary Math Circuits

Add the following binary numbers:


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Full-Adder

Full-Adder

The half-adder is extremely useful until you want to add more than one…


Textbook

Karnaugh Maps, Truth Tables, and Boolean Expressions

Karnaugh Maps, Truth Tables, and Boolean Expressions

Who Developed the Karnaugh Map? Maurice Karnaugh, a…


Textbook

555 Timer Monostable Circuit Calculator

555 Timer Monostable Circuit Calculator

This calculator computes for the output pulse width of a 555 timer monostable circuit


Tools

Switch Types

Switch Types

Though it may seem strange to cover the elementary topic of electrical…


Textbook

Don’t Care Cells in the Karnaugh Map

Don’t Care Cells in the Karnaugh Map

Up to this point we have considered logic reduction problems where…


Textbook

Microcontroller Principles

Microcontroller Principles

Read the following quotation, and then research the term…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Counters

Counters

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Introduction to Shift Registers

Introduction to Shift Registers

Shift registers, like counters, are a form of sequential…


Textbook

Computational Circuits

Computational Circuits

When someone mentions the word “computer,” a digital…


Textbook

555 Lab - Blue LED Flasher With Voltage Doubler

555 Lab - Blue LED Flasher With Voltage Doubler

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a blue LED flasher using a 555 timer and learn the basic theory of a voltage doubler using a transistor switch and a capacitor.


Textbook

Monostable Multivibrators

Monostable Multivibrators

We’ve already seen one example of a monostable multivibrator in…


Textbook

Karnaugh Mapping

Karnaugh Mapping

Identify each of these logic gates by name, and complete their…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Decoder

Decoder

A decoder is a circuit that changes a code into a set of signals. It…


Textbook

Sum-of-Products and Product-of-Sums Expressions

Sum-of-Products and Product-of-Sums Expressions

Identify each of these logic gates by name, and complete their…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Edge-triggered Latches: Flip-Flops

Edge-triggered Latches: Flip-Flops

So far, we’ve studied both S-R and D latch circuits with enable…


Textbook

Digital Logic With Feedback

Digital Logic With Feedback

With simple gate and combinational logic circuits, there is a definite…


Textbook

Time-delay Relays

Time-delay Relays

What are Time-Delay Relays? Some relays are constructed with a kind of…


Textbook

The “Buffer” Gate

The “Buffer” Gate

If we were to connect two inverter gates together so that the output…


Textbook

Slope (integrating) ADC

Slope (integrating) ADC

So far, we’ve only been able to escape the sheer volume of…


Textbook

Basic Electromagnetic Relays

Basic Electromagnetic Relays

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze relay…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Boolean Algebraic Properties

Boolean Algebraic Properties

Another type of mathematical identity, called a “property”…


Textbook

AC Circuit Equations

AC Circuit Equations

Inductive Reactance     Capacitive Reactance    …


Textbook

Introduction to Boolean Algebra

Introduction to Boolean Algebra

Mathematical rules are based on the defining limits we place on the…


Textbook

Inductor Voltage and Current Relationship

Inductor Voltage and Current Relationship

Inductors do not have a stable “resistance” as conductors…


Textbook

Capacitor Impedance Calculator

Capacitor Impedance Calculator

This tool calculates a capacitor's reactance for a given capacitance value and signal frequency.


Tools

Series R, L, and C

Series R, L, and C

Let’s take the following example circuit and analyze it:  …


Textbook

Stepper Motor Calculator

Stepper Motor Calculator

A tool designed to calculate the maximum speed, minimum time per step and maximum power of a stepper motor


Tools

Networks and Busses

Networks and Busses

The wires between the tank and the monitoring location is  called…


Textbook

Design Project: Audio Tone Control

Design Project: Audio Tone Control

Suppose you were installing a high-power stereo system in your car,…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Ohm’s Law - How Voltage, Current, and Resistance Relate

Ohm’s Law - How Voltage, Current, and Resistance Relate

The first, and perhaps most important, relationship between current,…


Textbook

Introduction to Solid-state Device Theory

Introduction to Solid-state Device Theory

This chapter will cover the physics behind the operation of…


Textbook

Building Resistor Circuits Using Breadboards, Perfboards, and Terminal Strips

Building Resistor Circuits Using Breadboards, Perfboards, and Terminal Strips

Over the course of learning about electricity, you will want to…


Textbook

Batteries

Batteries

If I wanted to build a battery-powered electric drill, would it be…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Thermocouples

Thermocouples

Seebeck Effect An interesting phenomenon applied in the field of…


Textbook

Si Lab - Simple Op Amp

Si Lab - Simple Op Amp

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a custom operational amplifier (op amp) and learn about the application of current mirrors and the use of negative feedback in op amp circuits.


Textbook

Tracking ADC

Tracking ADC

A third variation on the counter-DAC-based converter theme is, in my…


Textbook

Active-mode Operation (BJT)

Active-mode Operation (BJT)

When a transistor is in the fully-off state (like an open switch), it…


Textbook

Miscellaneous Diode Applications

Miscellaneous Diode Applications

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Wires and Connections

Wires and Connections

Older electrical schematics showed connecting wires crossing, while…


Textbook

Electrical Conduction in Semiconductors

Electrical Conduction in Semiconductors

In any electrically conductive substance, what are charge carriers?…


Worksheets - Discrete Logic

Sum and Product Notation

Sum and Product Notation

For reference, this section introduces the terminology used in some…


Textbook