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Si Lab - Astable Multivibrator Audio Oscillator

Textbook

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build an astable multivibrator (oscillator) circuit that provides an output in the audio frequency range and learn the effect of component values and supply voltage on oscillation frequency.

Design Project: Audio Media-Based Signal Generator

Worksheets - Audio

Identify some different ways you can create the sine-wave audio tracks…

Open-Loop OpAmp Circuits

Worksheets - Audio

Determine what the magnitude and polarity of the voltmeter’s…

Practical Considerations - Transformers

Textbook

Power Capacity As has already been observed, transformers must be well…

Tube Lab - Vacuum Tube Audio Amplifier

Textbook

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build an audio amplifier using a vacuum tube (triode) and learn about voltage transformers, how to build a high-voltage DC power supply, and how to use a transformer for impedance matching.

The Common-emitter Amplifier

Textbook

At the beginning of this chapter, it illustrates how transistors could…

Clipper and Clamper Circuits

Worksheets - Audio

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Active Filters

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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Resonance

Worksheets - Audio

The Q factor of a series inductive circuit is given by the following…

Absolute dB scales

Textbook

Decibel as Absolute Unit of Power It is also possible to use the…

AC Network Analysis

Worksheets - Audio

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Mixed-Frequency Signals

Worksheets - Audio

What is a harmonic frequency? If an oscillator circuit outputs a…

Square Root, Cube Root, and Nth Root Calculator

Tools

This calculator will determine the square root, cube root, or nth root of a given number, x.

AC Lab - Sensing AC Magnetic Fields

Textbook

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, you will sense AC magnetic fields using a simple wire coil and learn about AC signal coupling, orientation effects, and the impact of shielding using different materials.

Phase-Locked Loops

Worksheets - Audio

This is a schematic for a simple VCO: The oscillator is of the RC…

Square Wave Signals

Textbook

It has been found that any repeating, non-sinusoidal waveform can be…

Basic Troubleshooting Strategies

Worksheets - Audio

A chandelier has five light bulbs in it, and one of them is not…

Battery Life Calculator

Tools

This calculator provides three options—basic, intermediate, and advanced—for determining expected battery life for microcontroller, Internet of Things (IoT), and edge processing systems with up to four different operating modes.

What is a Filter?

Textbook

It is sometimes desirable to have circuits capable of selectively…

Wire-by-Number project kit introduction

Worksheets - Audio

Wire-by-Number project: simple voltage divider Description: Build a…

Resistors

Textbook

Because the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in…

Inductor Quirks

Textbook

In an ideal case, an inductor acts as a purely reactive device. That…

Systems of Numeration

Textbook

Roman Numerals The Romans devised a system that was a substantial…

Logarithms for Analog Circuits

Worksheets - Audio

The concept of a mathematical power is familiar to most students of…

Phase-Locked Loops

Worksheets - Audio

This is a schematic for a simple VCO: The oscillator is of the RC…

DC Lab - Current Divider

Textbook

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build resistive current dividers and observe how Ohm's law and Kirchhoff's current law function in real circuits using a voltmeter and an ammeter.

Rectifier Circuits

Worksheets - Audio

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Current Divider Circuits

Worksheets - Audio

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Historical, Nonmechanical Memory Technologies

Textbook

Perhaps the most ingenious technique was that of the delay line. A…

Series and Parallel Component Equivalent Values

Textbook

Series and Parallel Resistances     Series and Parallel…

Sequences

Textbook

Arithmetic Sequences An arithmetic sequence is a series of numbers…

Specific Resistance of Conductors

Worksheets - Audio

Given two lengths of metal wire, which one will have the least…

Review of R, X, and Z (Resistance, Reactance and Impedance)

Textbook

Before we begin to explore the effects of resistors, inductors, and…

Winding Configurations

Textbook

Transformers with Multiple Secondaries Transformers are very versatile…

Why digital?

Textbook

Although many textbooks provide good introductions to digital memory…

Frequency and Phase Measurement

Textbook

An important electrical quantity with no equivalent in DC circuits is…

Differential Equations

Textbook

As opposed to normal equations where the solution is a number, a…

AC Lab - PC Oscilloscope

Textbook

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, use a PC-based oscilloscope program to observe waveforms from a musical keyboard and learn basic oscilloscope operation.

Multiplexers

Textbook

A multiplexer, abbreviated mux, is a device that has multiple inputs…

Current Signal Systems

Textbook

Current Source It is possible through the use of electronic amplifiers…

AC Lab - Musical Keyboard as a Signal Generator

Textbook

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, an electronic musical keyboard will be used as a variable-frequency AC signal generator to learn the difference between AC amplitude and frequency.

Finite-length Transmission Lines

Textbook

A transmission line of infinite length is an interesting abstraction,…

The Common-source Amplifier (JFET)

Textbook

RELATED WORKSHEETS: JFET Amplifiers Worksheet

Why digital?

Textbook

Although many textbooks provide good introductions to digital memory…

Negative Feedback

Textbook

If we connect the output of an op-amp to its inverting input and apply…

Biasing Techniques (BJT)

Textbook

In the common-emitter section of this chapter, we saw a SPICE analysis…

AC Negative Feedback OpAmp Circuits

Worksheets - Audio

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Contributors (1)

Textbook

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…

Hysteresis

Textbook

Thyristors are a class of semiconductor components exhibiting…

Voltage Divider Circuits

Textbook

Let’s analyze a simple series circuit and determine the voltage…

Biasing Techniques (IGFET)

Textbook

Waveguides

Textbook

A waveguide is a special form of transmission line consisting of a…

Junction field-effect transistors (JFET)

Worksheets - Audio

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Numeration Systems

Worksheets - Audio

Digital computers communicate with external devices through ports:…

Encoders and Decoders

Worksheets - Audio

What does it mean, in general terms, to encode something? Conversely,…

Finite State Machines

Textbook

Up to now, every circuit that was presented was a combinatorial…

The J-K Flip-Flop

Textbook

Another variation on a theme of bistable multivibrators is the J-K…

Metric Prefix Conversions

Textbook

To express a quantity in a different metric prefix from how it was…

Shock Current Path

Textbook

As we’ve already learned, electricity requires a complete path…

Capacitance, Reactance, and Admittance Calculator

Tools

A calculator for solving the capacitance, reactance, and admittance of a capacitor.