This calculator provides three options—basic, intermediate, and advanced—for determining expected battery life for microcontroller, Internet of Things (IoT), and edge processing systems with up to four different operating modes.
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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At the beginning of this chapter, it illustrates how transistors could…
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In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build an astable multivibrator (oscillator) circuit that provides an output in the audio frequency range and learn the effect of component values and supply voltage on oscillation frequency.
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In very simple, qualitative terms, rate the impedance of capacitors…
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It has been found that any repeating, non-sinusoidal waveform can be…
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A circuit with an inductor (L) and capacitor (C) connected in parallel or series will have a resonant frequency at which their impedances are equal. Given two of the three values—inductance, capacitance, or resonant frequency—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.
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Power Capacity As has already been observed, transformers must be well…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will construct a voltage detector with adjustable sensitivity and audio output, and you will learn a method for detecting small electrical signals without an oscilloscope.
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It is sometimes desirable to have circuits capable of selectively…
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In our study of AC circuits thus far, we’ve explored circuits…
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Whenever there is a mismatch of impedance between transmission line…
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This calculator determines the bias and feedback of resistors for a non-inverting Op-Amp
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Stepper Motor vs Servo Motor A stepper motor is a…
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Practical Benefit of Active Devices The practical benefit of active…
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This calculator helps you determine the values of the resistors R1 and R2 to be used for a T-pad attenuator.
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A transistor is a semiconductor device that controls current with the…
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Given two lengths of metal wire, which one will have the least…
Worksheets - Audio
A technician uses a stroboscope to “freeze” the rotation of a…
Worksheets - Audio
A calculator for solving the maximum current a microstrip can handle.
Tools
Arithmetic Sequences An arithmetic sequence is a series of numbers…
Textbook
The R/2R DAC circuit is an alternative to the binary-weighted-input…
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In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, you will use an automotive alternator to generate three-phase AC voltage and learn how alternators can function as both generators and motors.
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Temperature coefficient (α) per degree C: Material Element/Alloy…
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In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, use a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) to switch an LED and learn about the current their amplification.
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RELATED WORKSHEETS: Calculus for Electric Circuits…
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Protective relays are special power-sensing devices whose job it is to…
Worksheets - Audio
When analyzing complex series and parallel circuits, it is easy to…
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A calculator for computing the inductance of a coaxial cable.
Tools
So far, we’ve studied both S-R and D latch circuits with enable…
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What is Split-Phase Power Systems? Split-phase power systems achieve…
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In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, you will sense AC magnetic fields using a simple wire coil and learn about AC signal coupling, orientation effects, and the impact of shielding using different materials.
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Because the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…
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(a) Crystal radio. (b) Modulated RF at antenna. (c) Rectified RF at…
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We can construct a simple logic functions for our hypothetical lamp…
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Suppose we altered our basic open-collector inverter circuit, adding a…
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Note, Q3 and Q4 in the figure below are complementary, NPN and PNP…
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In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, you will sense AC electric fields using the sensitive voltage detector and learn about capacitive coupling, EMI, and shielding techniques.
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One method of addressing the digital ramp ADC’s shortcomings is…
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Learn about junction field effect transistors (JFETs), their equations, and how to model and simulate JFETs in LTspice.
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One of the more advanced ADC technologies is the so-called…
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Because batteries create current flow in a circuit by exchanging…
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What is an Operational Amplifier (Op-amp)? Operational Amplifiers,…
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The concept of a mathematical power is familiar to most students of…
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The SPICE circuit simulation program provides for modeling diodes in…
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Introduction This third volume of the book series Lessons In Electric…
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By definition, a low-pass filter is a circuit offering easy passage to…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a red LED flasher and learn a useful application of the versatile 555 timer IC.
Textbook
While mention of operational amplifiers typically provokes visions of…
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A three-phase motor may be run from a single-phase power source.…
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To learn about electronics, you must eventually engage in hands-on experimentation. Knowledge gleaned from books alone has limited use in scientific endeavors. Troubleshooting a circuit can be as important as the knowledge gained from a properly functioning experiment.
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