All About Circuits

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Series Circuits and the Application of Ohm’s Law

Series Circuits and the Application of Ohm’s Law

In this introduction to series resistance circuits, we will explain…


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Impedance

Impedance

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Si Lab - A Simple BJT Current Mirror Circuit

Si Lab - A Simple BJT Current Mirror Circuit

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a simple current mirror using matched bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and learn about current mirror circuit limitations, the temperature dependence of BJTs, and thermal runaway.


Textbook

Digital-to-Analog Conversion

Digital-to-Analog Conversion

If a pulse-width modulated (PWM) signal is sent to a passive…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem is not so much a means of analysis…


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Elementary Circuits

Elementary Circuits

In the simplest terms you can think of, define what an electrical…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Basic Electricity Worksheet

Basic Electricity Worksheet

What is the purpose of the switch shown in this schematic diagram?


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Synchronous Motors

Synchronous Motors

Single Phase Synchronous Motors Single-phase synchronous motors are…


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Simple Circuits

Simple Circuits

Shown here is the schematic symbol for a resistor: What is the purpose…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Differential Transistor Amplifiers

Differential Transistor Amplifiers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Zener Diodes

Zener Diodes

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Wound Rotor Induction Motors

Wound Rotor Induction Motors

A wound rotor induction motor has a stator like a squirrel cage…


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Rectifying Diodes

Rectifying Diodes

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

The Common-collector Amplifier

The Common-collector Amplifier

Our next transistor configuration to study is a bit simpler for gain…


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Power in Resistive and Reactive AC circuits

Power in Resistive and Reactive AC circuits

Consider a circuit for a single-phase AC power system, where a 120…


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Bipolar Junction Transistors

Bipolar Junction Transistors

The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) was named because its operation…


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Finite-length Transmission Lines

Finite-length Transmission Lines

A transmission line of infinite length is an interesting abstraction,…


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AC Motor Control Circuits

AC Motor Control Circuits

Perhaps the most challenging aspect of interpreting ladder diagrams,…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Superposition Theorem

Superposition Theorem

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Si Lab - Zener Diode Voltage Regulator

Si Lab - Zener Diode Voltage Regulator

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a simple DC voltage regulator circuit and learn how to use reverse-biased Zener diodes as voltage clamps.


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High Voltage Ohmmeters

High Voltage Ohmmeters

Most ohmmeters of the design shown in the previous section utilize a…


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Si Lab - Full-wave Bridge Rectifier

Si Lab - Full-wave Bridge Rectifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a full-wave bridge rectifier using silicon diodes and learn some of this circuit's advantages and disadvantages.


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Wiring Color Codes

Wiring Color Codes

Wiring for AC and DC power distribution branch circuits are color…


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Si Lab - A Simple BJT Current Mirror Circuit

Si Lab - A Simple BJT Current Mirror Circuit

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a simple current mirror using matched bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and learn about current mirror circuit limitations, the temperature dependence of BJTs, and thermal runaway.


Textbook

Wire Types and Sizes

Wire Types and Sizes

Most electrical wire is covered in a rubber or plastic coating called…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Example Circuits and Netlists

Example Circuits and Netlists

The following circuits are pre-tested netlists for SPICE 2g6, complete…


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Safe Meter Usage

Safe Meter Usage

Using an electrical meter safely and efficiently is perhaps the most…


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Don’t Care Cells in the Karnaugh Map

Don’t Care Cells in the Karnaugh Map

Up to this point we have considered logic reduction problems where…


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Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)

Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)

What is Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)? The principle known as…


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Three-phase Transformer Circuits

Three-phase Transformer Circuits

Since three-phase is used so often for power distribution systems, it…


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Analog Lab - Class B Audio Amplifier

Analog Lab - Class B Audio Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a Class B push-pull audio amplifier to drive a speaker and learn about crossover distortion and how to minimize it using negative feedback.


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Input and Output Coupling

Input and Output Coupling

To overcome the challenge of creating necessary DC bias voltage for an…


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Performance-Based Assessments for AC Circuit Competencies

Performance-Based Assessments for AC Circuit Competencies

(Template)


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Conventional Transistor Overview and Special Transistors

Conventional Transistor Overview and Special Transistors

A microcontroller is a specialized type of digital computer used to…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Op-Amp Practical Considerations

Op-Amp Practical Considerations

Real operational amplifiers have some imperfections compared to an…


Textbook

Parallel DC Circuits Practice Worksheet With Answers

Parallel DC Circuits Practice Worksheet With Answers

In this circuit, three resistors receive the same amount of voltage…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Battery Construction

Battery Construction

The word battery simply means a group of similar components. In…


Textbook

Wire Loop Inductance Calculator

Wire Loop Inductance Calculator

This calculator helps you compute the inductance of a wire loop.


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Junction field-effect transistors (JFET)

Junction field-effect transistors (JFET)

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Arithmetic Properties

Arithmetic Properties

Associative Property In addition and multiplication, terms may be…


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The J-K Flip-Flop

The J-K Flip-Flop

Another variation on a theme of bistable multivibrators is the J-K…


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Synchronous Condenser

Synchronous Condenser

Synchronous motors load the power line with a leading power factor.…


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Clamper Circuits

Clamper Circuits

The circuits in the figure below are known as clampers or DC…


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Copper Wire Ampacity Table

Copper Wire Ampacity Table

Ampacities of copper wire, in free air at 30o C: INSULATION TYPE…


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Printed Circuit Board Layout and Manufacture

Printed Circuit Board Layout and Manufacture

When a PCB designer speaks of dimensions in thous or mils, what does…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Computational Circuits

Computational Circuits

When someone mentions the word “computer,” a digital…


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JFET Amplifiers

JFET Amplifiers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Basic Algebra and Graphing for Electric Circuits

Basic Algebra and Graphing for Electric Circuits

Many different equations used in the analysis of electric circuits may…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Inductive Reactance

Inductive Reactance

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Common Sources of Hazard

Common Sources of Hazard

Of course, there is a danger of electrical shock when directly…


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Optical Data Communication

Optical Data Communication

A modern alternative to sending (binary) digital information via…


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Safe Circuit Design

Safe Circuit Design

As we saw earlier, a power system with no secure connection to earth…


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Design Project: Event Counter

Design Project: Event Counter

If your event sensing switch is mechanical in nature, you will likely…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

N-Way Power Divider Calculator

N-Way Power Divider Calculator

This calculator determines the total path loss provided by an RF n-way power splitter.


Tools

Microstrip Impedance Calculator

Microstrip Impedance Calculator

This calculator helps you compute the characteristic impedance of a microstrip.


Tools

Bipolar Transistor Biasing Circuits

Bipolar Transistor Biasing Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Linear Regulator

Numbers versus Numeration

Numbers versus Numeration

It is imperative to understand that the type of numeration system used…


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