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Basic Operational Amplifiers

Basic Operational Amplifiers

Determine the output voltage polarity of this op-amp (with reference…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Nonlinear OpAmp Circuits

Nonlinear OpAmp Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Digital-to-Analog Conversion

Digital-to-Analog Conversion

If a pulse-width modulated (PWM) signal is sent to a passive…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Wheatstone Bridge Calculator

Wheatstone Bridge Calculator

This calculator helps determine the resistance of a variable resistor within a Wheatstone bridge circuit or the differential voltage created across the bridge terminals.


Tools

Analog Lab - Voltage Comparator

Analog Lab - Voltage Comparator

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build an analog voltage comparator circuit and learn how open-loop operational amplifiers function.


Textbook

Bipolar Junction Transistors in Active Mode

Bipolar Junction Transistors in Active Mode

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Regulated Power Sources

Regulated Power Sources

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Non-Inverting Op-Amp Resistor Calculator

Non-Inverting Op-Amp Resistor Calculator

This calculator determines the bias and feedback of resistors for a non-inverting Op-Amp


Tools

Microcontroller Principles

Microcontroller Principles

Read the following quotation, and then research the term…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Analog Lab - Class B Audio Amplifier

Analog Lab - Class B Audio Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a Class B push-pull audio amplifier to drive a speaker and learn about crossover distortion and how to minimize it using negative feedback.


Textbook

Signal Modulation

Signal Modulation

A modern method of electrical power control involves inserting a…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

BJT Amplifier Troubleshooting

BJT Amplifier Troubleshooting

As an instructor of electronics, I am called upon frequently to help…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

PN Junctions

PN Junctions

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Ionization (gas-filled) Tubes

Ionization (gas-filled) Tubes

So far, we’ve explored tubes which are totally…


Textbook

Si Lab - Intro to Discrete Semiconductor Circuits

Si Lab - Intro to Discrete Semiconductor Circuits

In these hands-on semiconductor electronics experiments, learn to build and test circuits using discrete silicon (Si) devices, including diodes and transistors. Also, learn important circuit designs, including rectifiers, current mirrors, amplifiers, and oscillators.


Textbook

Common Derivatives

Common Derivatives

    RELATED WORKSHEETS: Calculus for Electric Circuits…


Textbook

Phasing

Phasing

Since transformers are essentially AC devices, we need to be aware of…


Textbook

Analog Lab - Non-inverting Amplifier

Analog Lab - Non-inverting Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a programmable non-inverting amplifier and learn how to use the negative feedback of an operational amplifier to control the gain.


Textbook

Transistor Ratings and Packages (JFET)

Transistor Ratings and Packages (JFET)


Textbook

Op-Amp Practical Considerations

Op-Amp Practical Considerations

Real operational amplifiers have some imperfections compared to an…


Textbook

Active Versus Passive Devices

Active Versus Passive Devices

Passive Devices Components incapable of controlling current by means…


Textbook

Solving Simultaneous Equations: The Substitution Method and the Addition Method

Solving Simultaneous Equations: The Substitution Method and the Addition Method

What are Simultaneous Equations and Systems of Equations? The terms…


Textbook

AC Generator Theory

AC Generator Theory

If an electric current is passed through this wire, which direction…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

AC Lab - Using a Transformer to Build a 12 VAC Power Supply

AC Lab - Using a Transformer to Build a 12 VAC Power Supply

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, build a 12 V alternating current (AC) power supply using a step-down transformer and learn about transformer operation and the purpose of tapped windings.


Textbook

Series R, L, and C

Series R, L, and C

Let’s take the following example circuit and analyze it:  …


Textbook

Mixed-Frequency Signals

Mixed-Frequency Signals

What is a harmonic frequency? If an oscillator circuit outputs a…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Tracking ADC

Tracking ADC

A third variation on the counter-DAC-based converter theme is, in my…


Textbook

Simple Parallel (Tank Circuit) Resonance

Simple Parallel (Tank Circuit) Resonance

Resonance in a Tank Circuit A condition of resonance will be…


Textbook

Nonlinear Conduction

Nonlinear Conduction

“Advances are made by answering questions. Discoveries are made…


Textbook

Series Circuit Rules

Series Circuit Rules

Current Components in a series circuit share the same current: Itotal…


Textbook

LC Resonant Frequency Calculator

LC Resonant Frequency Calculator

A circuit with an inductor (L) and capacitor (C) connected in parallel or series will have a resonant frequency at which their impedances are equal. Given two of the three values—inductance, capacitance, or resonant frequency—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.


Tools

Active-mode Operation (BJT)

Active-mode Operation (BJT)

When a transistor is in the fully-off state (like an open switch), it…


Textbook

What Are Zener Diodes?

What Are Zener Diodes?

What Is a Zener Diode? A Zener diode is a special type of rectifying…


Textbook

Pi-Match Impedance Matching Calculator

Pi-Match Impedance Matching Calculator

This calculator is designed to compute the parameters required to design a Pi-Match Impedance Circuit


Tools

Switch Types

Switch Types

Though it may seem strange to cover the elementary topic of electrical…


Textbook

Diodes

Diodes

A diode is an electronics component made from a combination of a…


Textbook

Magnetic Fields and Inductance

Magnetic Fields and Inductance

Whenever electrons flow through a conductor, a magnetic field will…


Textbook

Current Divider Circuits

Current Divider Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Ideal Diode Current and Voltage Calculator

Ideal Diode Current and Voltage Calculator

This calculator solves for any single missing value in the ideal diode I-V equation for a forward-biased PN-junction diode. Parameters are current, saturation current, voltage, temperature, and ideality factor.


Tools

Battery Construction

Battery Construction

The word battery simply means a group of similar components. In…


Textbook

Millman’s Theorem

Millman’s Theorem

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Harmonic Phase Sequences

Harmonic Phase Sequences

In the last section, we saw how the 3rd harmonic and all of its…


Textbook

Intermediate Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Intermediate Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

As an electric current is passed through a coil of wire, it creates a…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Voltage Multipliers (Doublers, Triplers, Quadruplers, and More)

Voltage Multipliers (Doublers, Triplers, Quadruplers, and More)

A voltage multiplier is a specialized rectifier circuit producing…


Textbook

Data - Resistance & Superconductor

Data - Resistance & Superconductor

Tables of specific resistance and temperature coefficient of…


Textbook

Amplifier Gain

Amplifier Gain

The Voltage Gain Because amplifiers have the ability to increase the…


Textbook

Design Project: Logic Probe

Design Project: Logic Probe

What factors determine where potentiometers Rpot1 and Rpot2 must be…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Optothyristors

Optothyristors

Like bipolar transistors, SCRs and TRIACs are also manufactured as…


Textbook

Factorials

Factorials

Definition of a Factorial Denoted by the symbol “!” after…


Textbook

Conductors, Insulators, and Electron Flow

Conductors, Insulators, and Electron Flow

The electrons of different types of atoms have different degrees of…


Textbook

Creating Custom Calibration Resistances

Creating Custom Calibration Resistances

Often in the course of designing and building electrical meter…


Textbook

Decibel Measurements

Decibel Measurements

During the early development of telephone technology, a unit was…


Worksheets - Amplifiers

Meter Check of a Transistor (JFET)

Meter Check of a Transistor (JFET)

Testing a JFET with a multimeter might seem to be a relatively easy…


Textbook