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Transistor Biasing Calculations

Textbook

Although transistor switching circuits operate without bias, it is…

Conventional Transistor Overview and Special Transistors

Worksheets - Filters

A microcontroller is a specialized type of digital computer used to…

The Cascode Amplifier

Textbook

While the C-B (common-base) amplifier is known for wider bandwidth…

Radio Circuits

Textbook

(a) Crystal radio. (b) Modulated RF at antenna. (c) Rectified RF at…

Special-purpose Diodes

Textbook

Schottky diodes Schottky diodes are constructed of a metal-to-N…

Simple Parallel (Tank Circuit) Resonance

Textbook

Resonance in a Tank Circuit A condition of resonance will be…

Battery Life Calculator

Tools

This calculator provides three options—basic, intermediate, and advanced—for determining expected battery life for microcontroller, Internet of Things (IoT), and edge processing systems with up to four different operating modes.

Active Filters

Worksheets - Filters

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Analog-to-Digital Conversion

Worksheets - Filters

The circuit shown here is a four-bit analog-to-digital converter…

Decibel Calculator

Tools

This calculator will convert voltage or power gains into decibels. Enter one of the three values and the calculator will output the other two.

RC Time Constant Calculator

Tools

The time constant of a series RC circuit is the product of the resistance and capacitance. Given two of the three values—resistance, capacitance, or RC time constant—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.

Si Lab - Full-wave Bridge Rectifier With Output Filtering

Textbook

In this hands-on semiconductor experiment, build an improved full-wave rectifier with output filtering and learn about capacitive filtering in AC-to-DC power converters.

Analog Lab - Op Amp Integrator

Textbook

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build an analog integrator using an operational amplifier and learn about integration functions, op amp input bias currents, and how to limit the voltage swing of a potentiometer.

Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) theory

Worksheets - Filters

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Passive Filter Circuits

Worksheets - Filters

In very simple, qualitative terms, rate the impedance of capacitors…

Example Circuits and Netlists

Textbook

The following circuits are pre-tested netlists for SPICE 2g6, complete…

Thyristor Application Circuits

Worksheets - Filters

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Performance-Based Assessments for Analog Integrated Circuit Competencies

Worksheets - Filters

Circuit Components

Textbook

Remember that this tutorial is not exhaustive by any means, and that…

Decibels

Textbook

The Bel is Used to Represent Gain In its simplest form, an…

The Silicon-Controlled Rectifier (SCR)

Textbook

Shockley Diodes and Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs) Shockley…

AC Lab - LC Tank Circuit

Textbook

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, build a parallel resonant inductor-capacitor circuit and learn about oscillation, resonant frequency, and damping.

Basic Electricity Worksheet

Worksheets - Filters

What is the purpose of the switch shown in this schematic diagram?

LC Resonant Frequency Calculator

Tools

A circuit with an inductor (L) and capacitor (C) connected in parallel or series will have a resonant frequency at which their impedances are equal. Given two of the three values—inductance, capacitance, or resonant frequency—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.

Microwave Tubes

Textbook

For extremely high-frequency applications (above 1 GHz), the…

Safe Circuit Design

Textbook

As we saw earlier, a power system with no secure connection to earth…

Parallel Circuit Rules

Textbook

Voltage Components in a parallel circuit share the same voltage:…

Power Conversion Circuits

Worksheets - Filters

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Delta and Wye 3-Phase Circuits

Worksheets - Filters

Label where each of the following electrical quantities would be found…

Introduction to Diodes And Rectifiers

Textbook

All About Diodes A diode is an electrical device allowing current to…

Wires and Connections

Textbook

Older electrical schematics showed connecting wires crossing, while…

Slope (integrating) ADC

Textbook

So far, we’ve only been able to escape the sheer volume of…

Introduction to Junction Field-effect Transistors (JFET)

Textbook

A transistor is a semiconductor device that controls current with the…

Op-Amp Voltage and Gain Calculator

Tools

A calculator for computing the gain and output voltage of an operational amplifier

Solving Series and Parallel Circuits With the Table Method and Ohm’s Law

Textbook

The table method provides a structured methodology for ensuring you…

Time Constant Equations

Textbook

Value of time constant in series RC and RL circuits   Time…

Phase-locked Loops

Textbook

Conductors, Insulators, and Electron Flow

Textbook

The electrons of different types of atoms have different degrees of…

What is Network Analysis?

Textbook

The basic application of Ohm’s law to combinations of series and…

The Tetrode

Textbook

As the name suggests, the tetrode tube contains four elements: cathode…

Clipper Circuits

Textbook

A circuit which removes the peak of a waveform is known as a clipper.…

555 Lab - Red LED Flasher

Textbook

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a red LED flasher and learn a useful application of the versatile 555 timer IC.

AC Inductor Circuits

Textbook

Resistors vs. Inductors Inductors do not behave the same way as…

SPICE Models

Textbook

The SPICE circuit simulation program provides for modeling diodes in…

Battery Construction

Textbook

The word battery simply means a group of similar components. In…

Why digital?

Textbook

Although many textbooks provide good introductions to digital memory…

Numbers versus Numeration

Textbook

It is imperative to understand that the type of numeration system used…

AC Motor Control Circuits

Worksheets - Filters

Perhaps the most challenging aspect of interpreting ladder diagrams,…

Permanent Magnets

Textbook

Centuries ago, it was discovered that certain types of mineral rock…

Peak to Peak Voltage Calculator (VP-P)

Tools

This calculator shows the peak-to-peak voltage (VP-P) value from the peak voltage, RMS voltage, or average voltage.

Practical Considerations - Transformers

Textbook

Power Capacity As has already been observed, transformers must be well…

Capacitor Impedance Calculator

Tools

This tool calculates a capacitor's reactance for a given capacitance value and signal frequency.

Harmonic Phase Sequences

Textbook

In the last section, we saw how the 3rd harmonic and all of its…

Time-delay Relays

Textbook

What are Time-Delay Relays? Some relays are constructed with a kind of…

AC Lab - Sensing AC Magnetic Fields

Textbook

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, you will sense AC magnetic fields using a simple wire coil and learn about AC signal coupling, orientation effects, and the impact of shielding using different materials.

Precise Diode Circuits

Worksheets - Filters

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Microprocessor Programming

Worksheets - Filters

What is the difference between a JMP (“jump”) instruction and a…

Programmable Logic Technology

Worksheets - Filters

Define the following acronyms as they apply to digital logic circuits:…

Wiring Color Codes Infographic

Textbook

Wiring Color Codes Infographic. Released under the Creative Commons…