A microcontroller is a specialized type of digital computer used to…
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Testing a JFET with a multimeter might seem to be a relatively easy…
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Remember that this tutorial is not exhaustive by any means, and that…
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A circuit with an inductor (L) and capacitor (C) connected in parallel or series will have a resonant frequency at which their impedances are equal. Given two of the three values—inductance, capacitance, or resonant frequency—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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Although transistor switching circuits operate without bias, it is…
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Most integrated circuits are digital, based on MOS (CMOS) transistors.…
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The circuit shown here is a four-bit analog-to-digital converter…
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In the common-emitter section of this chapter, we saw a SPICE analysis…
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In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a junction field-effect transistor (JFET) current regulator and learn some of the advantages of JFETs over BJTs for current regulation.
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Resonance in a Tank Circuit A condition of resonance will be…
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The field effect transistor was proposed by Julius Lilienfeld in US…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build an analog integrator using an operational amplifier and learn about integration functions, op amp input bias currents, and how to limit the voltage swing of a potentiometer.
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∫f(x) dx Calculus alert! Calculus is a branch of mathematics that…
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Like its bipolar cousin, the field-effect transistor may be used as an…
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How to Create Band-pass Filter There are applications where a…
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This calculator provides three options—basic, intermediate, and advanced—for determining expected battery life for microcontroller, Internet of Things (IoT), and edge processing systems with up to four different operating modes.
Tools
The time constant of a series RC circuit is the product of the resistance and capacitance. Given two of the three values—resistance, capacitance, or RC time constant—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.
Tools
Bipolar transistors are constructed of a three-layer semiconductor…
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You may have wondered where we got that strange equation for the…
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An important electrical quantity with no equivalent in DC circuits is…
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The superposition theorem is one of those strokes of genius that takes…
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Solve this equation for the value of x: x + 5 = 8 How many exact…
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A voltage multiplier is a specialized rectifier circuit producing…
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De Forest’s Audion tube came to be known as the triode tube…
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Most students of electricity begin their study with what is known as…
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What is Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)? The principle known as…
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So far, the filter designs we’ve concentrated on have employed…
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If vectors with uncommon angles are added, their magnitudes (lengths)…
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If a pulse-width modulated (PWM) signal is sent to a passive…
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(a) Crystal radio. (b) Modulated RF at antenna. (c) Rectified RF at…
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This page will walk you step-by-step through the process of…
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If you’ve ever witnessed a lightning storm, you’ve seen…
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Varicap or varactor diodes A variable capacitance diode is known as a…
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Previously, we examined series circuits and parallel circuits using…
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Instrumentation is a field of study and work centering on measurement…
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Thyristors are a class of semiconductor components exhibiting…
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What does the acronym RF stand form, in reference to radio-related…
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AC electromechanical meter movements come in two basic arrangements:…
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Valence: The electrons in the outermost shell, or valence shell, are…
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Real operational amplifiers have some imperfections compared to an…
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What is the difference between a JMP (“jump”) instruction and a…
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Learn the Power Formula We’ve seen the formula for determining…
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This calculator calculates the free space loss, given the distance, frequency, and gain, between two antennas.
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NAND and NOR gates possess a special property: they are universal.…
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Electromechanical relays used to start and stop high-power electric…
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Generally speaking, how many “time constants” worth of time does…
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“I consider that I understand an equation when I can predict the…
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The interlock contacts installed in the previous section’s motor…
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By definition, a low-pass filter is a circuit offering easy passage to…
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In this collection of hands-on electronics experiments, build and test digital circuits and learn the fundamentals of digital logic circuits, including gates, counters, logic levels, hysteresis, memory, and more.
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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A popular use of diodes is for the mitigation of inductive…
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A three-phase motor may be run from a single-phase power source.…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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