A 50-Ohm Cable?

Early in my explorations of electricity, I came across a length of…

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Microcontroller Principles

Read the following quotation, and then research the term…

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Step-up, Step-down, and Isolation Transformers

Calculate the voltage output by the secondary winding of a transformer…

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OpAmp Oscillator Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Series-Parallel DC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Vol I. Credits

All entries arranged in alphabetical order of surname. Major…

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Digital Communication

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…

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Mesh Current Method (Loop Current Method)

This page provides a step-by-step introduction to using the mesh…

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PN Junctions

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Characteristic Impedance

Note the “50 ohm” rating printed on the jacket of the cable. What…

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CMOS Logic Gates

Counting practice: count from zero to thirty-one in binary, octal, and…

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Regulated Power Sources

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Series-Parallel Combination AC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Network Topology

Point-to-Point Connecting two digital devices with a network, would…

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Flip-Flop Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…

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Summer and Subtractor OpAmp Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Solving Unbalanced Wheatstone Bridge Circuits Via Mesh Current Method

An unbalanced Wheatstone bridge cannot be solved using simple series…

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Waveguides

A waveguide is a special form of transmission line consisting of a…

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Time Constant Calculations

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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DC Bridge Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Solving Unbalanced Wheatstone Bridge Circuits Via Mesh Current Method

An unbalanced Wheatstone bridge cannot be solved using simple series…

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Divided Feedback

If we add a voltage divider to the negative feedback wiring so that…

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Memory with moving parts: “Drives”

The earliest forms of digital data storage involving moving parts was…

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Temperature Converter

Convert between Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin

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The P-N Junction

If a block of P-type semiconductor is placed in contact with a block…

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Digital Logic Functions

We can construct a simple logic functions for our hypothetical lamp…

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Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors

What is an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), and what…

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Elementary Circuits

In the simplest terms you can think of, define what an electrical…

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Wheatstone Bridge Calculator

This calculator helps determine the resistance of a variable resistor within a Wheatstone bridge circuit or the differential voltage created across the bridge terminals.

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Time Constant Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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What is the Relationship Between Conductance and Resistance?

The concept and measurement units of resistance are most often used…

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Square Root, Cube Root, and Nth Root Calculator

This calculator will determine the square root, cube root, or nth root of a given number, x.

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Printed Circuit Board Layout and Manufacture

When a PCB designer speaks of dimensions in thous or mils, what does…

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Convert MCD to Lumens

This calculator is useful for calculating the luminous flux for LEDs where the angle is known.

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The Unijunction Transistor (UJT)

Unijunction transistor: Although a unijunction transistor is not a…

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Analog Lab - Class B Audio Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a Class B push-pull audio amplifier to drive a speaker and learn about crossover distortion and how to minimize it using negative feedback.

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DIP Gate Packaging

Digital logic gate circuits are manufactured as integrated circuits:…

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Parallel Circuit Rules

Voltage Components in a parallel circuit share the same voltage:…

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Peak to Peak Voltage Calculator (VP-P)

This calculator shows the peak-to-peak voltage (VP-P) value from the peak voltage, RMS voltage, or average voltage.

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Permanent Magnets

Centuries ago, it was discovered that certain types of mineral rock…

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The R/2R DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter)

The R/2R DAC circuit is an alternative to the binary-weighted-input…

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Digital Signals and Gates

While the binary numeration system is an interesting mathematical…

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Basic AC-DC Power Supplies

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

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Karnaugh Maps, Truth Tables, and Boolean Expressions

Who Developed the Karnaugh Map? Maurice Karnaugh, a…

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Conductors, Insulators, and Electron Flow

The electrons of different types of atoms have different degrees of…

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Three-phase Power Systems

What is Split-Phase Power Systems? Split-phase power systems achieve…

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Intro Lab - Resistor Power Dissipation

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will examine the heat generated by resistors and maybe even make one smoke! Also, learn to calculate power dissipation using Joule's law and resistor power ratings.

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Three-phase Transformer Circuits

Since three-phase is used so often for power distribution systems, it…

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Parallel Wire Inductance Calculator

This tool is designed to calculate the inductance of two parallel wires

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Contributors (9)

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…

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Binary Math Circuits

Add the following binary numbers:

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Contributors (4)

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…

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Flyback Switch Mode Regulator Calculator

A calculator for computing several parameters needed in the design of a flyback switch mode regulator

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Transistor Ratings and Packages (JFET)

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Power Sources

There are many different types of power sources, and here some of the…

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What is a Filter?

It is sometimes desirable to have circuits capable of selectively…

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Tesla Polyphase Induction Motors

Most AC motors are induction motors. Induction motors are favored due…

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Fundamentals of SPICE programming

Programming a circuit simulation with SPICE is much like programming…

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Magnetic Fields and Inductance

Whenever electrons flow through a conductor, a magnetic field will…

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Band-pass Filters

How to Create Band-pass Filter There are applications where a…

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