Shown here is the schematic symbol for a resistor: What is the purpose…
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It may seem difficult to even start on a project such as this, with no…
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Explain the operation of this “H-bridge” motor control circuit: At…
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In addition to voltage and current, there is another important…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a simple current mirror using matched bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and learn about current mirror circuit limitations, the temperature dependence of BJTs, and thermal runaway.
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Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) uses digital signals to control power…
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This calculator shows the peak-to-peak voltage (VP-P) value from the peak voltage, RMS voltage, or average voltage.
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When the need arises to correct for poor power factor in an AC power…
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As we’ve already learned, electricity requires a complete path…
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What is Attenuators? Attenuators are passive devices. It is…
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This calculator computes the inductance of a wire coil.
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What will this voltmeter register when connected to a battery as shown…
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Although transistor switching circuits operate without bias, it is…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a high-impedance voltmeter and learn about circuit loading and how to use op amps to reduce loading effects.
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Safety is very important when designing and/or building a device…
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So far in our discussions on electricity and electric circuits, we…
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…
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Write an equation describing the precise mathematical relationship…
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Calculate the equivalent resistance of up to six resistors in parallel with ease while learning how to calculate resistance in parallel and the parallel resistance formula.
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What is Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)? The principle known as…
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Periodic table of chemical elements.
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By introducing electrical reactance into the feedback loops of an…
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This calculator helps you compute for the inductance of an edge coupled trace.
Tools
Though mechanical ohmmeter (resistance meter) designs are rarely used…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a null-balancing potentiometric voltmeter and learn how to prevent a voltmeter from changing the voltage it is measuring.
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For reference, this section introduces the terminology used in some…
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We can subtract one binary number from another by using the standard…
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The Insulated-Gate Field-Effect Transistor (IGFET), also known as…
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The variable reluctance motor is based on the principle that an…
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A circuit with an inductor (L) and capacitor (C) connected in parallel or series will have a resonant frequency at which their impedances are equal. Given two of the three values—inductance, capacitance, or resonant frequency—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.
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In this circuit, the electric motor is supposed to turn on whenever…
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The table method provides a structured methodology for ensuring you…
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Definition of a Factorial Denoted by the symbol “!” after…
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This tool calculates a capacitor's reactance for a given capacitance value and signal frequency.
Tools
This calculator helps you compute the characteristic impedance of an asymmetric stripline
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Over the course of learning about electricity, you will want to…
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The following circuits are pre-tested netlists for SPICE 2g6, complete…
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What factors determine where potentiometers Rpot1 and Rpot2 must be…
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(Template)
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This balanced attenuator calculator helps you determine the resistor (R1) values for a balanced attenuator.
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In these hands-on semiconductor electronics experiments, learn to build and test circuits using discrete silicon (Si) devices, including diodes and transistors. Also, learn important circuit designs, including rectifiers, current mirrors, amplifiers, and oscillators.
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Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…
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What does it mean, in general terms, to encode something? Conversely,…
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Wire-by-Number project: simple voltage divider Description: Build a…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build an analog voltage comparator circuit and learn how open-loop operational amplifiers function.
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At the start of this book, we discussed static electricity and how it…
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will construct a voltage detector with adjustable sensitivity and audio output, and you will learn a method for detecting small electrical signals without an oscilloscope.
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In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will connect batteries in parallel to power a light and learn the relationship between the individual battery currents and the total system current.
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An often neglected area of study in modern electronics is that of…
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The metric system, besides being a collection of measurement units for…
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Why learn about Karnaugh maps? The Karnaugh map, like Boolean…
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In order to work with complex numbers without drawing vectors, we…
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Thyristors are a broad classification of bipolar-conducting…
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Pure semiconductors are relatively good insulators as compared with…
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In the common-emitter section of this chapter, we saw a SPICE analysis…
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Using an electrical meter safely and efficiently is perhaps the most…
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Read-only memory (ROM) is similar in design to static or dynamic RAM…
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To learn about electronics, you must eventually engage in hands-on experimentation. Knowledge gleaned from books alone has limited use in scientific endeavors. Troubleshooting a circuit can be as important as the knowledge gained from a properly functioning experiment.
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