Voltage-to-Current Signal Conversion

In instrumentation circuitry, DC signals are often used as analog…

Textbook

Si Lab - BJT Common-emitter Amplifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, construct a common-emitter amplifier using a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) and learn about amplifier gain and feedback.

Textbook

Logic Signal Voltage Levels

Input Voltages for Logic Gates Logic gate circuits are designed to…

Textbook

RC Time Constant Calculator

The time constant of a series RC circuit is the product of the resistance and capacitance. Given two of the three values—resistance, capacitance, or RC time constant—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.

Tools

Analog-to-Digital Conversion

The circuit shown here is a four-bit analog-to-digital converter…

Worksheets - Oscillators

Analog Lab - Class B Audio Amplifier

In this hands-on electronics experiment, build a Class B push-pull audio amplifier to drive a speaker and learn about crossover distortion and how to minimize it using negative feedback.

Textbook

Class A BJT Amplifiers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Worksheets - Oscillators

True, Reactive, and Apparent Power

Reactive Power We know that reactive loads such as inductors and…

Textbook

Class B BJT Amplifiers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Worksheets - Oscillators

Series-Parallel DC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Worksheets - Oscillators

Rectifier Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Worksheets - Oscillators

Si Lab - Half-wave Rectifier

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a half-wave rectifier circuit using a silicon diode and learn about the differences between permanent magnet motor operation on AC vs. DC power.

Textbook

Circuits and the Speed of Light

Suppose we had a simple one-battery, one-lamp circuit controlled by a…

Textbook

PN Junctions

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Worksheets - Oscillators

Square Root, Cube Root, and Nth Root Calculator

This calculator will determine the square root, cube root, or nth root of a given number, x.

Tools

Tracking ADC

A third variation on the counter-DAC-based converter theme is, in my…

Textbook

Amplifiers

Practical Benefit of Active Devices The practical benefit of active…

Textbook

Practical Considerations of ADC Circuits

Perhaps the most important consideration of an ADC is its resolution.…

Textbook

DC Mesh Current Analysis

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Worksheets - Oscillators

Introduction to Diodes And Rectifiers

All About Diodes A diode is an electrical device allowing current to…

Textbook

Capacitor Transient Response

Because capacitors store energy in the form of an electric field, they…

Textbook

Polar Form and Rectangular Form Notation for Complex Numbers

In order to work with complex numbers without drawing vectors, we…

Textbook

Rectifying Diodes

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Worksheets - Oscillators

Quantum Devices

Most integrated circuits are digital, based on MOS (CMOS) transistors.…

Textbook

The Thyristor

A thyristor is a device that has a number of unusual characteristics.…

Textbook

Kirchhoff’s Laws

Many electronic circuits use what is called a split or a dual power…

Worksheets - Oscillators

Field-effect-controlled Thyristors

Two relatively recent technologies designed to reduce the…

Textbook

Three-phase Y and Delta Configurations

Three-phase Wye(Y) Connection Initially, we explored the idea of…

Textbook

Decimal versus Binary Numeration

Let’s count from zero to twenty using four different kinds of…

Textbook

Coefficients of Specific Resistance

Specific resistance at 20o C:  Material Element/Alloy ohm-cmil/ft…

Textbook

Series and Parallel AC Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…

Worksheets - Oscillators

Analog Lab - Introduction

In this series of hands-on electronics experiments, build analog circuits, including amplifiers, comparators, oscillators, and more. Following the step-by-step instructions will help you understand and appreciate analog systems.

Textbook

Likely Failures in Unproven Systems

“All men are liable to error;” —John Locke Whereas…

Textbook

Electrical Transients

This chapter explores the response of capacitors and inductors to…

Textbook

Design Project: Sensitive Audio Detector

The choice of step-down transformers to use in a project such as this…

Worksheets - Oscillators

Building Resistor Circuits Using Breadboards, Perfboards, and Terminal Strips

Over the course of learning about electricity, you will want to…

Textbook

Field-effect-controlled Thyristors

Two relatively recent technologies designed to reduce the…

Textbook

The J-K Flip-Flop

Another variation on a theme of bistable multivibrators is the J-K…

Textbook

Trigonometric Equivalencies

Textbook

Derivatives of Power Functions of e

Example Derivatives of e Proportionality Constant When we say that a…

Textbook

Don’t Care Cells in the Karnaugh Map

Up to this point we have considered logic reduction problems where…

Textbook

Winding Configurations

Transformers with Multiple Secondaries Transformers are very versatile…

Textbook

Copper Wire Ampacity Table

Ampacities of copper wire, in free air at 30o C: INSULATION TYPE…

Textbook

Delta and Wye 3-Phase Circuits

Label where each of the following electrical quantities would be found…

Worksheets - Oscillators

Capacitance Calculator

This calculates the capacitance of a capacitor based on its charge, Q, and its voltage, V, according to the formula, C=Q/V.

Tools

Series Resistor-Capacitor Circuits

In the last section, we learned what would happen in simple…

Textbook

Simple Series Resonance

A similar effect happens in series inductive/capacitive circuits. When…

Textbook