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Ionization (gas-filled) Tubes

Ionization (gas-filled) Tubes

So far, we’ve explored tubes which are totally…


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How to Use Thevenin’s Theorem

How to Use Thevenin’s Theorem

This page will walk you step-by-step through the process of…


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Basic Ammeter Use

Basic Ammeter Use

Show how this ammeter would be connected to the light bulb circuit to…


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Class C BJT Amplifiers

Class C BJT Amplifiers

A common class of operation used in radio-frequency (RF) amplifier…


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IGBTs

IGBTs

Because of their insulated gates, IGFETs of all types have extremely…


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Millman’s Theorem

Millman’s Theorem

In Millman’s Theorem, the circuit is re-drawn as a parallel…


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Branch Current Method Analysis

Branch Current Method Analysis

The most straightforward DC network analysis technique is the branch…


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Finite-length Transmission Lines

Finite-length Transmission Lines

A transmission line of infinite length is an interesting abstraction,…


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Ohmmeter Design

Ohmmeter Design

Though mechanical ohmmeter (resistance meter) designs are rarely used…


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AC Circuit Equations

AC Circuit Equations

Inductive Reactance     Capacitive Reactance    …


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Power Conversion Circuits

Power Conversion Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Conductors and Insulators

Conductors and Insulators

Given two lengths of metal wire, which one will have the least…


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DC Lab - Potentiometer Voltage Divider

DC Lab - Potentiometer Voltage Divider

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will use potentiometers to vary a voltage and learn about voltage divider ratios and potentiometer applications.


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Advanced Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Advanced Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

∫f(x) dx Calculus alert! Electronic power conversion circuits known…


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Voltage and Current Calculations

Voltage and Current Calculations

There’s a sure way to calculate any of the values in a reactive…


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Winding Configurations

Winding Configurations

Transformers with Multiple Secondaries Transformers are very versatile…


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Practical Considerations - Transformers

Practical Considerations - Transformers

Power Capacity As has already been observed, transformers must be well…


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Performance-Based Assessments for Analog Integrated Circuit Competencies

Performance-Based Assessments for Analog Integrated Circuit Competencies


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Input and Output Coupling

Input and Output Coupling

To overcome the challenge of creating necessary DC bias voltage for an…


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Junction field-effect transistors (JFET)

Junction field-effect transistors (JFET)

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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AC Resistor Circuits (Inductive)

AC Resistor Circuits (Inductive)

Instantaneous Values in AC Circuits Pure resistive AC circuit:…


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Design Project: Audio Media-Based Signal Generator

Design Project: Audio Media-Based Signal Generator

Identify some different ways you can create the sine-wave audio tracks…


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Analog Lab - PWM Power Controller

Analog Lab - PWM Power Controller

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a pulse-width modulator power controller for a light and learn the basics of PWM signals.


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Intro Lab - How to Use an Ammeter to Measure Current

Intro Lab - How to Use an Ammeter to Measure Current

In this hands-on introduction to electronics, you will experiment with a multimeter and learn how to measure current using the ammeter function.


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Solid-state Relays

Solid-state Relays

Limitations of Electromechanical Relays As versatile as…


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LC Resonant Frequency Calculator

LC Resonant Frequency Calculator

A circuit with an inductor (L) and capacitor (C) connected in parallel or series will have a resonant frequency at which their impedances are equal. Given two of the three values—inductance, capacitance, or resonant frequency—this tool will calculate the missing third variable.


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Semiconductor Devices in SPICE

Semiconductor Devices in SPICE

The SPICE (Simulation Program, Integrated Circuit Emphesis)…


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The R/2nR DAC: Binary-Weighted-Input Digital-to-Analog Converter

The R/2nR DAC: Binary-Weighted-Input Digital-to-Analog Converter

What Is a R/2nR DAC Circuit? The R/2nR DAC circuit, otherwise known as…


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Safety Grounding

Safety Grounding

In simple AC power systems, one of the two conductors is typically…


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Rectifying Diodes

Rectifying Diodes

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Digital Memory Terms and Concepts

Digital Memory Terms and Concepts

When we store information in some kind of circuit or device, we not…


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Electromagnetic Induction

Electromagnetic Induction

While Oersted’s surprising discovery of electromagnetism paved…


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Conductors and Insulators

Conductors and Insulators

Given two lengths of metal wire, which one will have the least…


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Numbers versus Numeration

Numbers versus Numeration

It is imperative to understand that the type of numeration system used…


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Thyristor Application Circuits

Thyristor Application Circuits

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Time Constant Calculations

Time Constant Calculations

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Ring Counters

Ring Counters

If the output of a shift register is fed back to the input. a ring…


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Computational Circuits

Computational Circuits

When someone mentions the word “computer,” a digital…


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Analog Lab - Op Amp Integrator

Analog Lab - Op Amp Integrator

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build an analog integrator using an operational amplifier and learn about integration functions, op amp input bias currents, and how to limit the voltage swing of a potentiometer.


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Optothyristors

Optothyristors

Like bipolar transistors, SCRs and TRIACs are also manufactured as…


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Shift Registers: Serial-in, Serial-out

Shift Registers: Serial-in, Serial-out

Serial-in, serial-out shift registers delay data by one clock time for…


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Inductor Voltage and Current Relationship

Inductor Voltage and Current Relationship

Inductors do not have a stable “resistance” as conductors…


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Open-Loop OpAmp Circuits

Open-Loop OpAmp Circuits

Determine what the magnitude and polarity of the voltmeter’s…


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Wire Loop Inductance Calculator

Wire Loop Inductance Calculator

This calculator helps you compute the inductance of a wire loop.


Tools

Digital Ramp ADC

Digital Ramp ADC

Also known as the stairstep-ramp, or simply counter A/D converter,…


Textbook

TTL NAND and AND gates

TTL NAND and AND gates

Suppose we altered our basic open-collector inverter circuit, adding a…


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AC Lab - Signal and Noise Coupling

AC Lab - Signal and Noise Coupling

In this hands-on AC electronics experiment, power a DC motor through a multi-conductor cable to learn how AC signals are coupled between conductors and how to mitigate noise coupling.


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Temperature Coefficient of Resistance

Temperature Coefficient of Resistance

You might have noticed on the table for specific resistances that all…


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Semiconductor Devices in SPICE

Semiconductor Devices in SPICE

The SPICE (Simulation Program, Integrated Circuit Emphesis)…


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Si Lab - Simple Op Amp

Si Lab - Simple Op Amp

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a custom operational amplifier (op amp) and learn about the application of current mirrors and the use of negative feedback in op amp circuits.


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Inductor Quirks

Inductor Quirks

In an ideal case, an inductor acts as a purely reactive device. That…


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Algebraic Substitution for Electric Circuits

Algebraic Substitution for Electric Circuits

There are two basic Ohm’s Law equations: one relating voltage,…


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Tachogenerators

Tachogenerators

An electromechanical generator is a device capable of producing…


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Design Project: Intercom System

Design Project: Intercom System

Design a passive circuit that will create a "split” ( V/-V) power…


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T-Pad Attenuator Calculator

T-Pad Attenuator Calculator

This calculator helps you determine the values of the resistors R1 and R2 to be used for a T-pad attenuator.


Tools

Ohm’s Law

Ohm’s Law

For a given amount of water pressure, which will flow a greater rate…


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What is Norton’s Theorem and the Norton Equivalent Circuit?

What is Norton’s Theorem and the Norton Equivalent Circuit?

This article explains the step-by-step process for determining the…


Textbook

T-Match Impedance Matching Circuits

T-Match Impedance Matching Circuits

A tool designed to compute the values to be used in a T-match Impedance Circuit


Tools

Introduction to Junction Field-effect Transistors (JFET)

Introduction to Junction Field-effect Transistors (JFET)

A transistor is a semiconductor device that controls current with the…


Textbook

Parallel Wire Inductance Calculator

Parallel Wire Inductance Calculator

This tool is designed to calculate the inductance of two parallel wires


Tools