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Electric Shock

Electric Shock

It is sometimes said regarding electrical safety that, Ït’s not the…


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What is Alternating Current (AC)?

What is Alternating Current (AC)?

Most students of electricity begin their study with what is known as…


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Physical Effects of Electricity

Physical Effects of Electricity

Certain substances are known to physically deform (shorten or…


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Standing Waves and Resonance

Standing Waves and Resonance

Whenever there is a mismatch of impedance between transmission line…


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Voltage Signal Systems

Voltage Signal Systems

The use of variable voltage for instrumentation signals seems a rather…


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Step-up and Step-down Transformers

Step-up and Step-down Transformers

So far, we’ve observed simulations of transformers where the…


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Calculating Electric Power

Calculating Electric Power

Learn the Power Formula We’ve seen the formula for determining…


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The R/2nR DAC: Binary-Weighted-Input Digital-to-Analog Converter

The R/2nR DAC: Binary-Weighted-Input Digital-to-Analog Converter

What Is a R/2nR DAC Circuit? The R/2nR DAC circuit, otherwise known as…


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Capacitor Transient Response

Capacitor Transient Response

Because capacitors store energy in the form of an electric field, they…


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Basic Electromagnetic Relays

Basic Electromagnetic Relays

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze relay…


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Active-mode Operation (JFET)

Active-mode Operation (JFET)

JFETs, like bipolar transistors, are able to “throttle”…


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DC Generator Theory

DC Generator Theory

Generators used in battery-charging systems must be regulated so as to…


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Inverting Op-Amp Resistor Calculator

Inverting Op-Amp Resistor Calculator

This calculator determines the bias and feedback of resistors for an inverting op-amp.


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Time Constant Calculations

Time Constant Calculations

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Bipolar Junction Transistors

Bipolar Junction Transistors

The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) was named because its operation…


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Potentiometers

Potentiometers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Design Project: Audio Power Amplifier

Design Project: Audio Power Amplifier

Explain how the microphone in your amplifier works. How, exactly, does…


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Basic Algebra and Graphing for Electric Circuits

Basic Algebra and Graphing for Electric Circuits

Many different equations used in the analysis of electric circuits may…


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Protective Relays

Protective Relays

A special type of relay is one that monitors the current, voltage,…


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Intro Lab - A Simple Lighting Circuit

Intro Lab - A Simple Lighting Circuit

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will build a battery-operated circuit with a light and learn about open and short circuit failures.


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Potentiometers

Potentiometers

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to mathematically…


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Non-Inverting Op-Amp Resistor Calculator

Non-Inverting Op-Amp Resistor Calculator

This calculator determines the bias and feedback of resistors for a non-inverting Op-Amp


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Edge Coupled Trace Inductance Calculator

Edge Coupled Trace Inductance Calculator

This calculator helps you compute for the inductance of an edge coupled trace.


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Questions relating to project management

Questions relating to project management

NAME:…


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Digital Lab - 7-segment LED Display

Digital Lab - 7-segment LED Display

In this hands-on electronics experiment, you will control a 7-segment binary-coded decimal (BCD) display and learn about active-low and active-high logic inputs.


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Decibel Measurements

Decibel Measurements

During the early development of telephone technology, a unit was…


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General Troubleshooting Tips

General Troubleshooting Tips

When first approaching a failed or otherwise misbehaving system, the…


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Digital Codes

Digital Codes

Counting practice: count from zero to thirty-one in binary, octal, and…


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Capacitors

Capacitors

Identify some of the different types of capacitors, and their…


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Capacitance

Capacitance

Write an equation describing the precise mathematical relationship…


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DC Motor Theory

DC Motor Theory

If the ends of a wire loop are attached to two half-circular metal…


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Active Loads in Amplifier Circuits

Active Loads in Amplifier Circuits

We know that the current in a series circuit may be calculated with…


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Resonant Filters

Resonant Filters

So far, the filter designs we’ve concentrated on have employed…


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Si Lab - BJT Common-collector Voltage Follower

Si Lab - BJT Common-collector Voltage Follower

In this hands-on semiconductor electronics experiment, build a voltage follower amplifier using a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) in common-collector configuration and learn about circuit ground and impedance transformations.


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Why L/R and not LR?

Why L/R and not LR?

Learn About L/R Time Constants It is often perplexing to new students…


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AC Power

AC Power

If a sinusoidal voltage is applied to an impedance with a phase angle…


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Don’t Care Cells in the Karnaugh Map

Don’t Care Cells in the Karnaugh Map

Up to this point we have considered logic reduction problems where…


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Enhancement-type IGFETs

Enhancement-type IGFETs


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Numeration Systems

Numeration Systems

Digital computers communicate with external devices through ports:…


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Inductor Commutating Circuits

Inductor Commutating Circuits

A popular use of diodes is for the mitigation of inductive…


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How to Use Thevenin’s Theorem

How to Use Thevenin’s Theorem

This page will walk you step-by-step through the process of…


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Counters

Counters

Don’t just sit there! Build something!! Learning to analyze digital…


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Radicals

Radicals

Definition of a Radical Given the expression where “x” is…


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Transistors, junction field-effect (JFET)

Transistors, junction field-effect (JFET)

Note that the direction of the arrow at the gate indicates the…


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Capacitor Transient Response

Capacitor Transient Response

Because capacitors store energy in the form of an electric field, they…


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Decibel Calculator

Decibel Calculator

This calculator will convert voltage or power gains into decibels. Enter one of the three values and the calculator will output the other two.


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Integrated Circuits

Integrated Circuits

  A Logic Gate is assigned as an elementary building block of…


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Practical Considerations - Transformers

Practical Considerations - Transformers

Power Capacity As has already been observed, transformers must be well…


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Power Quality Measurement

Power Quality Measurement

It used to be with large AC power systems that “power…


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Non-Inverting Op-Amp Resistor Calculator

Non-Inverting Op-Amp Resistor Calculator

This calculator determines the bias and feedback of resistors for a non-inverting Op-Amp


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Superposition Theorem

Superposition Theorem

The superposition theorem is one of those strokes of genius that takes…


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Wire Self Inductance Calculator

Wire Self Inductance Calculator

This calculator will help compute the inductance of a length of wire.


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Contributors (4)

Contributors (4)

Contributors to this chapter are listed in chronological order of…


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Servo Motor Systems

Servo Motor Systems

Explain the operation of this “H-bridge” motor control circuit: At…


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Stepper Motors

Stepper Motors

Stepper Motor vs Servo Motor A stepper motor is a…


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Batteries

Batteries

If I wanted to build a battery-powered electric drill, would it be…


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Parallel Circuit Rules

Parallel Circuit Rules

Voltage Components in a parallel circuit share the same voltage:…


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Design Project: Sensitive Microphone Amplifier

Design Project: Sensitive Microphone Amplifier

Identify which direction each potentiometer wiper must move in this…


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Oscilloscope Trigger Controls

Oscilloscope Trigger Controls

A very useful tool for observing rotating objects is a strobe light.…


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Vol I. Credits

Vol I. Credits

All entries arranged in alphabetical order of surname. Major…


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